唐五代词女性喻体研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 22:21

本文选题：唐五代词 + 女性　；参考：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国古代文学作品中不乏比喻手法的运用,尤其当作品的描写对象为女性时,多采用比喻的手法来进行描写,在这一类作品中也往往出现了许多出神入化的对女性外貌进行比喻的范例。比喻有三个要素,即本体、喻体和喻词。作者之所以青睐采用比喻的手法来展现女性的美感特质,是因为比喻能够通过将女性与其喻体产生联系的方法,使女性的形象如喻体一般,栩栩如生地展现在读者面前。作者在描写女性时,由于女性的美是抽象的,而当这种抽象的美需要被具象化时,则需要通过某种具体的事物作为桥梁将其表现出来。词,特别是唐五代词,就是以描写女性形象为主要内容的文体,在描写女性形象时,唐五代词使用了相当多的比喻手法。唐五代词中的女性喻体的使用首先在数量上达到了一个高峰,其次在手法和技巧的运用方面也较为纯熟。唐五代词作者习惯用各种各样的喻体来形容女性或者女性身体的某些部位,当词中的描写对象,即本体是女性时,喻体可以是很多种不同的类型,这些不同类型的喻体在展现女性特质时有着不同的功用。按照这些喻体的不同属性以及在表达上的不同功用,能够将唐五代词女性喻体分为植物类、动物类、器物类、自然景观类等类别,这种分类方法有助于参照具体的词对唐五代词中出现的女性喻体进行系统的分析和研究。第一章主要介绍了中国古代文学作品中用比喻手法来描写女性的文学传统,明确不同时代的作者,为何不约而同地选择使用比喻的形式来表现女性的美。以及介绍在唐五代词中,作者是如何运用比喻的手法展现出女性的美感特质。第二章主要是按照唐五代词中女性喻体的不同属性以及在表达上的不同功用,对其进行了分类,大致分为植物类、动物类、器物类、自然景观类等几类。并明确不同类型的唐五代词女性喻体所表现出的不同特点,以及作者使用不同喻体进行描述的原因,总结出不同种类的喻体在表现女性美上的不同特点和不同功用。如植物类喻体在选择上具有小,柔,美,艳的特点,且都为周围较为常见之景。动物类喻体在选择上具有小,温顺的特点,且词中的动物类喻体有不同于诗中的动物的特点。器物类喻体在选择上具有小、贵、美、色浅的特点,且都具有一定的文化内涵。自然景观类喻体在选择上具有柔、美、透明的特点,且多为日常生活常见之美景。综合以上喻体的特点能够看出唐五代词在女性喻体的选择上总体倾向于小而美的喻体。第三章主要分析了唐五代词女性喻体风格形成的原因,主要有以下几点:首先,社会环境方面,一是唐五代浮艳社会风气的影响,二是女性地位及男性玩赏心态的影响,三是文学审美意识发展的必然结果,四是城市化与园林艺术发展的影响,五是地域文化的影响。其次,词内生环境方面,一是词产生于绮艳歌台的特殊创作环境,二是文学创作发展的必然需要,三是创作主体自身审美取向的偏好。第四章主要分析了唐五代词女性喻体所呈现的特点。即唐五代词女性喻体具有多且集中、细致,与其铺排使用的特点;具有精巧艳丽的特点;具有风格婉约朦胧的特点;具有喻体均为褒义,美化女性的特点;具有弱化喻体的隐喻性的特点;具有程式化运用女性喻体进行写作的特点等。第五章主要研究了唐五代词女性喻体体现的社会文化意义,主要分为文学和文化两方面。文学方面,一是体现写女性形象的文学传统,二是从喻体的使用情况可以看出词的风格特点,三是体现了词为艳科的特点,四是喻体程式化写作对宋词在女性描写方面的影响等。文化方面,一是体现了唐五代享乐的社会风气,二是体现了男权视阈下的绮靡化审美,三是体现了对特定阶层女性真实生活状况的还原等。女性喻体在唐五代词中的运用之广泛,技巧之纯熟,是一个十分值得研究的文学现象。女性喻体在数量上和写作技巧上的突出成就,也奠定了唐五代词在女性形象描写上的重要地位。故而从唐五代词中的女性喻体作为切入点,来探讨女性喻体乃至女性形象对当时文学和文化所产生的影响,具有十分重要的研究意义。
[Abstract]:There are no lack of the use of figurative techniques in Chinese ancient literary works. Especially when the description of the works is a woman, it is often described by metaphorical techniques. In this kind of works, there are often many examples of metaphorical figurations of women's appearance. There are three elements, namely, noumenon, metonymy and metaphor. The use of metaphorical techniques to show the aesthetic characteristics of women is because the metaphor can make the female image as a metaphor in front of the reader through the method of linking the female to its metaphor. The author's beauty is abstract when the woman is depicting the female, and the abstract beauty needs to be figurated. When the words, especially the Tang and five pronouns, are the style of describing the female image as the main content, the Tang five pronoun uses quite a lot of metaphor in describing the female image. The use of the female metaphor in the Tang and five pronouns has reached a peak in number. Second, the use of techniques and techniques is more familiar. The Tang and five pronoun writers used a variety of metaphors to describe some parts of the female or female body. When the description object in the word, that is, the noumenon is a woman, the metonymy can be a variety of different types, and these different types of metonymy are not in the display of female characteristics. The same function. According to the different attributes of these metaphors and the different functions in the expression, the Tang five pronoun female metaphor can be divided into plant, animal, utensil, natural landscape and so on. This classification method is helpful to the systematic analysis and study of the female metaphor in the Tang and five pronouns. This paper mainly introduces the description of women's literary tradition in ancient Chinese literary works, and makes clear the author of different times and why they choose to use the form of metaphor to show the beauty of women. And in the five pronoun of Tang Dynasty, the author is how to show the beauty of women by means of metaphor. The second chapter is the main part. According to the different attributes of the female metaphor in the Tang and five pronoun and the different functions in the expression, it is classified into several categories, such as plant, animal, utensil, natural landscape, etc., and the different characteristics of the different types of Tang Wu pronoun female metaphor, as well as the original description of the different types of metonymy by the author. Because of the different characteristics and functions of different kinds of Metonymy in the expression of female beauty, such as the characteristics of small, soft, beautiful and brilliant, the plant metonymy is a more common scene around it. The animal metaphor has the characteristics of small and gentle in choice, and the animal metaphor in the word is different from the animal in the poem. The utensils have the characteristics of small, expensive, beautiful and light, and they all have some cultural connotations. The natural landscape metonymy has the characteristics of soft, beautiful and transparent, and most of the common scenery in daily life. The characteristics of the above metonymy can see that the Tang and five pronouns generally tend to be small and beautiful in the choice of female metaphor. The third chapter mainly analyzes the reasons for the formation of the style of the female metaphor of the Tang and five pronouns. The main reasons are as follows: first, the social environment, one is the influence of the colorful social atmosphere of the Tang and Five Dynasties, the two is the influence of the female status and the attitude of the men, and the three is the inevitable result of the development of the aesthetic appreciation of the literature, and the four is the urbanization and garden art hair. The influence of the exhibition, five is the influence of regional culture. Secondly, in the aspect of the endogenous environment, the first is the special creation environment of the CI, the two is the necessity of the development of literary creation, the three is the preference of the aesthetic orientation of the creative subject. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the characteristics of the Tang and five pronoun female metaphor. That is, the Tang five pronoun female metaphor The body has the characteristics of multi and concentrated, meticulous, and its spread and use; it has the characteristics of exquisite and gorgeous; it has the characteristics of graceful and graceful style; it has the characteristics of commendatory, beautifying women; it has the metaphorical characteristics of weakening the metonymy; it has the characteristics of stylized use of female metaphor to write. The fifth chapter mainly studies the Five Dynasties of Tang Dynasty. The social and cultural significance embodied in the female metaphor is mainly divided into two aspects of literature and culture. In literature, one is the literary tradition of writing female images. The two is that the style and characteristics of words can be seen from the use of the metonymy, the three is the characteristics of the words as colourful, and the four is the shadow of the Song Ci in the description of the women in the stylized writing of the metaphor. In the cultural aspect, the cultural aspect embodies the social atmosphere of the enjoyment of the Tang and Five Dynasties, two reflects the aesthetical beauty of the male power, and the three is the reduction of the real life of the women in a particular class. The application of the female metaphor in the Tang and five pronouns is a literary phenomenon worthy of study. The outstanding achievement in quantity and writing skills also laid the important position of the Tang and five pronouns in the description of the female images. Therefore, from the female metaphor in the Tang and five pronouns as a breakthrough point, it is of great significance to study the influence of the female metaphor and the female image on the literature and culture at that time.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.23

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