公物性质的海域使用制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 16:15

本文选题：国家海域所有权 + 公物　；参考：《海南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国领土范围内所有的海域都是归国家所有,从使用主体的角度来分析,将海域的使用权进行了划分,分成"公"与"私"两种。本文以"公物"为视角对海域重新进行公物、国有私物的类型划分,明确哪部分属于公物的范畴适用公法进行规制,并对公物性质的海域使用提出具体对策。全文分为几个部分:第一部分公物的基本理论分析。通过对法国、德国、日本、美国关于公物基本理论的介绍,引出公物的基本概念和和内涵,并对公物的分类、使用情况进行介绍,为我国公物性质的海域的使用提供理论指引。第二部分海域的属性及其在我国现有法律规范中的内容。以《海域使用管理法》为准,阐明我国关于海域归谁所有、如何进行使用、如何取得使用的权利等问题的规定。同时指出我国目前没有对海域资源进行公物和私物的区分。第三部分公物性质海域的确定。通过公物的基本理论与我国现有法律规范关于公物性质海域的描述,联系实践中常出现的公物性质海域的使用,归纳出属于公物性质海域的几大类型。包括现有法律提及到的免缴、减缴海域使用金的用海类型、公益性用海及非排他性用海,也包括现有法律规范未提及的应作为公物性质海域的习惯性用海、公共景观用海和生态性用海。第四部分公物性质海域具体使用的制度的完善。通过分析公物性质海域的几大类型目前使用的现状,提出具体的完善措施。习惯性用海应优先保障习惯用海人的用海权益,确定公共景观用海的收费主体为全国人大,公共景观用海的收费标准的确定应遵循听证程序,加强对生态性用海的监督,完善公众参与的具体程序,赋予公众参与公物管理的权利,生态补偿体系的建立将极大激励着海域生态环境的建设。
[Abstract]:All the sea areas in the territory of our country are owned by the state. From the point of view of the main body of use, the right to use the sea area is divided into two types: "public" and "private". From the angle of "public property", this paper classifies the types of public property and private property in the sea area, defines which part belongs to the category of public property and applies public law to regulate it, and puts forward specific countermeasures to the use of public property in the sea area. The paper is divided into several parts: the first part is the basic theoretical analysis of public property. Through the introduction of the basic theory of public property in France, Germany, Japan and the United States, the basic concept and connotation of public property are introduced, and the classification and use of public property are introduced, which provides theoretical guidance for the use of public property in the sea area of our country. The second part is the attribute of the sea area and its contents in the existing legal norms of our country. Based on the Law on the Administration of Sea area use, this paper clarifies the regulations on who owns the sea area, how to use it, and how to obtain the right to use it. At the same time, it is pointed out that there is no distinction between public property and private property. The third part is the determination of the public property sea area. Based on the basic theory of public property and the description of public property sea area in our country, this paper sums up several types of public property sea area according to the use of public property sea area that often appears in practice. Including the exemption mentioned in the existing law, the type of sea used to reduce the amount of money used in the sea area, the public use of the sea and the non-exclusive use of the sea, as well as the customary use of the sea which should be regarded as public property, not mentioned in the existing legal norms, The public landscape uses the sea and the ecology uses the sea. The fourth part is the perfection of the system of the concrete use of the public property sea area. Through analyzing the present situation of several types of public property sea area, the paper puts forward some concrete measures to improve it. Customary use of the sea should give priority to the protection of the rights and interests of the people using the sea, and the main body of charges for the public landscape should be the National people's Congress, and the determination of the standard of charges for the use of the sea for the public landscape should follow the hearing procedure and strengthen the supervision over the ecological use of the sea. Perfecting the concrete procedure of public participation, giving the public the right to participate in the management of public property, the establishment of ecological compensation system will greatly stimulate the construction of ecological environment in the sea area.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D993.5

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