西安市主城区夜景照明光污染评价与防治研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 20:21

本文选题：照明光污染 + 夜天空亮度　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放之后,中国的城市面貌发展仿佛在一夜之间,发生了翻天覆地的变化,人民生活水平也有了逐步提高,城市化进程亦愈演愈烈,人民对城市的夜生活和娱乐生活也提出了越来越多的要求。然而,伴随城市化而来的是城市夜景照明带来的困扰----光污染。尤其是在近十年来中国的一线城市,市民对夜景照明所产生光污染问题的投诉更是此消彼长,比比皆是。通过总结近些年来国内外对于夜景照明光污染的研究现状和污染成因,结合对西安市夜间光污染的研究,文章展示了西安市夜天空的污染程度分布。此外,以西安市主城区的夜景照明现状为研究对象,通过对主城区主要地段的建筑照明、商业广告照明、道路照明以及景观照明进行实地调研、测试,初步摸清了当前西安市主城区夜间光污染的基本现状,西安市市区处于微污染状态,其中有一半的区域处于轻度污染,中心区域甚至出现高度污染。同时,文章剖析了导致西安市照明光污染的一般原因,包括照明灯具亮度不合理、照明方式不当、光色选用不当,以及城市下垫面和城市建筑表面反射特性等等。最后,文章从合理选用照明灯具的形式、照明的方式以及压缩夜间市政照明时间等三大方面入手,初步提出了较为可行的防治方法与策略。
[Abstract]:After the reform and opening up, China's urban development seems to have changed dramatically overnight, the people's living standards have also been gradually improved, and the urbanization process has also intensified. The people also put forward more and more demands to the night life and entertainment life of the city. However, along with the urbanization is the urban nightscape lighting trouble-light pollution. Especially in China's first-tier cities in the past decade, complaints about light pollution caused by nightscape lighting have been increasing and abounding. By summing up the research status and causes of night lighting pollution at home and abroad in recent years, combined with the study of night light pollution in Xi'an city, the paper shows the distribution of night sky pollution in Xi'an city. In addition, taking the present situation of night scene lighting in the main urban area of Xi'an as the research object, through the field investigation and test on the main urban area of the building lighting, commercial advertising lighting, road lighting and landscape lighting, The basic situation of light pollution at night in the main urban area of Xi'an is preliminarily understood. The urban area of Xi'an is in a state of micro-pollution, half of which is slightly polluted, and even a high degree of pollution occurs in the central area. At the same time, the paper analyzes the general causes of lighting pollution in Xi'an, including unreasonable brightness of lighting lamps, improper lighting mode, improper selection of light and color, and reflection characteristics of urban underlying surface and urban building surface, and so on. Finally, the paper puts forward some feasible prevention methods and strategies from three aspects: the form of lighting, the way of lighting and the time of city lighting at night.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU113.666

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