青海省明代堡寨保护规划研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 21:46

【摘要】：明长城是中国历史上最为宏大、最为完善的军事防御工程,而堡寨作为其重要的附属设施,则同样具有重大的历史、艺术、科学及社会价值。黄土夯筑而成的明代堡寨在经受了数百年自然与人为破坏之后,其保存现状较差,部分堡寨已消失殆尽,因此,对明代堡寨的保护规划迫在眉睫。本文选取青海省残留的46座明代堡寨作为研究对象,其分布于青海省的民和县、乐都县、平安县、互助县、大通县、湟中县、西宁市区和贵德县。通过现场调查与文献对比,全面的了解了堡寨的保存现状,46座堡寨无一保存完整,均遭到了不同程度的破坏。依据堡寨的保存现状对其进行了准确的现状评估,其中10座保存一般,25座保存较差,11座保存差。归纳了堡寨现存的病害类型有裂隙、冲沟、掏蚀、坍塌、片状剥离、生物病害及人为破坏,并且详细的统计了46座堡寨的病害发育程度,总结其破坏原因,计算其稳定性系数,继而提出了合理有效的本体保护措施,以期延缓及抑制堡寨本体的劣化,延长其寿命。根据《中华人民共和国文物保护法》,以堡寨的保护为核心,以保护堡寨本体、相关文物遗存和周边历史环境的真实性、完整性为前提,划定了保护范围,其包括重点保护区、建设控制地带和环境协调区,并确定了保护边界,针对不同的保护区域提出了合理有效的保护策略和控制策略,从而达到对其保护规划的目的。本论文重点在于研究堡寨的保护规划,希望能为后期的展示规划、利用规划及管理规划提供基础依据。同时,以期为明代堡寨的保护规划提供一定的借鉴和经验。
[Abstract]:The Great Wall in Ming Dynasty is the greatest and most perfect military defense project in Chinese history. As an important subsidiary of the Great Wall, it also has great historical, artistic, scientific and social value. After hundreds of years of natural and man-made destruction, the preservation status of the fortresses built by loess rammed into the Ming Dynasty is poor, and some of them have disappeared. Therefore, it is urgent to protect the fortresses in the Ming Dynasty. In this paper, 46 remaining fortresses of Ming Dynasty in Qinghai Province are selected as the research objects. They are distributed in Minhe County, Ledu County, Pingan County, Huzhu County, Datong County, Huangzhong County, Xining City and Guide County in Qinghai Province. Through field investigation and literature comparison, the preservation status of the fortresses is fully understood. None of the 46 fortresses have been completely preserved, and all of them have been destroyed to varying degrees. According to the present situation of preservation of Baozhai, the present situation is evaluated accurately, among which 10 are poor and 11 are poor. The existing disease types of Baozhai are fissures, gullies, ploughing, collapsing, flake peeling, biological diseases and man-made destruction. The disease development degree of 46 fortresses is analyzed in detail, the causes of damage are summarized, and the stability coefficient is calculated. Then the reasonable and effective measures of ontology protection are put forward in order to delay and restrain the deterioration of Baozhai ontology and prolong its life. According to the Law of the people's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural relics, with the protection of the fortress as the core, the protection of the body of the fortress, the authenticity and integrity of the related cultural relics and the surrounding historical environment as the premise, the scope of protection has been delineated, including the key protected areas. The control zone and the environment coordination area are constructed and the protection boundary is determined. The reasonable and effective protection strategy and control strategy are put forward for different protection areas, so as to achieve the purpose of the protection planning. This paper focuses on the study of the protection planning of the fortress, hoping to provide the basis for the later exhibition planning, the use of planning and management planning. At the same time, in order to provide certain reference and experience for the Ming Dynasty fortress protection planning.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU-87

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