蔚州古城传统建筑景观文化研究

发布时间：2018-11-09 10:39

【摘要】：历史遗迹的营建有其独特的理念和方法,其中蕴含了深厚的哲学思想及地域文化理念,国内外都十分重视保护历史遗迹建筑及其景观文化,颁布了大量的条例及规定。蔚州古城城堡规模雄伟,是附近地区最早使用砖石修筑的城堡,也被称为铁城,其地理位置在历史上颇为重要:位于北京正西方向200公里,西依大同,东邻宣化府,历史上是著名的“燕云十六州”之一。其军事上的重要地位对整个古城的布局及形制也产生了重要影响:蔚州古城坐落于壶流河南岸的一块北高南低的坡地之上,城堡的平面呈“凸”字形,是临近城堡中唯一一个平面不规则、有护城河的城堡,也被称为“兔城”;城堡内的街巷布局没有贯穿南北的中轴线街道,东西城门也呈错位布局,多条的十字街道贯穿其中,这使得蔚州古城街道具有了无明显标志的特征。以上种种说明蔚州古城是京师应对北方游牧民族的一道军事屏障。本文以蔚州古城为研究对象,按照提出问题、实地调研、资料搜集、分析及解决问题的路径,根据调研得到的第一手资料,遵循从“整体到局部”,再从“局部到整体”的研究方式对蔚州古城进行全面的分析与研究,宏观角度的研究主要从古城的自然景观、人文景观、历史遗迹资源、古人营城造景的特色、政治军事因素等方面对古城空间形态的形成与演变的关系进行分析;微观角度着重研究古城的传统建筑特色、街巷布局、堡门堡墙、公共建筑、传统民居、建筑景观装饰、景观空间布局等。同时对蔚州古城与丽江古城在景观布局、民居建筑特征及街巷空间等方面进行对比,凸显出蔚州古城建筑景观文化特色。根据前面的研究,本文在第四章对蔚州古城保护与传承提出了建议,并以此为案例来探索历史遗迹保护与传承的思路与方法。
[Abstract]:The construction of historical sites has its own unique ideas and methods, which contains profound philosophical thoughts and regional cultural ideas. Both at home and abroad, great importance has been attached to the protection of historic buildings and their landscape culture, and a large number of regulations and regulations have been issued. Wei Zhou ancient city castle is majestic, is the nearby area first uses the brick stone to build the castle, also known as the iron city, its geographical location is quite important in the history: is located in the Beijing right west direction 200 kilometers, west according to the Datong, east neighbor Xuanhua fu, In history, it is one of the famous "sixteen states of Yan Yun". Its important military status also had an important impact on the layout and shape of the entire ancient city: the ancient city of Wei Zhou was located on a high and low slope in the north on the south bank of the Kuluhe River, and the plane of the castle was in the shape of a "convex" zigzag. It is the only castle near the castle with irregular plane and moat, also known as "Rabbit City"; The layout of streets and alleys in the castle does not run through the central axis streets of the north and south, the east and west gates are also staggered, and many cross streets run through them, which makes the streets of the ancient city of Wei Zhou have the characteristics of no obvious sign. All these indicate that the ancient city of Weizhou is a military barrier for the capital to deal with the nomadic people in the north. This paper takes the ancient city of Weizhou as the research object, according to the path of asking questions, investigating on the spot, collecting, analyzing and solving the problems, according to the first-hand information obtained from the investigation, following the "whole to part". Then from the "local to the whole" research way to carry on the comprehensive analysis and the research to the Weizhou ancient city, the macroscopic angle research mainly from the ancient city natural landscape, the humanities landscape, the historical relic resources, the ancients camp city creates the scenery characteristic, Political and military factors and other aspects of the formation of the ancient city space form and evolution of the relationship between the analysis; The microcosmic point of view focuses on the study of the traditional architectural characteristics of the ancient city, the layout of streets and lanes, the wall of the castle gate, the public buildings, the traditional folk houses, the architectural landscape decoration, the landscape layout, and so on. At the same time, the landscape layout, residential building characteristics and street space of Weizhou ancient city and Lijiang ancient city are compared, which highlights the architectural cultural characteristics of Wei Zhou ancient city. According to the previous research, the fourth chapter of this paper puts forward some suggestions on the protection and inheritance of the ancient city of Weizhou, and takes it as a case to explore the ideas and methods of conservation and inheritance of historical relics.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.2

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