保定府河浮游生物群落结构及多样性研究
发布时间：2018-11-15 22:14
【摘要】：府河作为保定市内河水系建设的重要部分,具有防汛排涝、涵养水源、调节气候等作用,对城市景观和生态系统平衡有重要价值。通过长时间的连续性监测,研究保定府河浮游生物群落结构特征及其时空分布变化规律,分析不同样点在不同时间内的多样性指数,以及生物多样性的变化规律,同时分析其他环境监测指标对浮游生物指标的影响,为内河自净能力研究提供基础。根据府河及其周边环境状况,选定用华南大街到东二环这部分河段为监测主体,以桥为点,选取南关桥、工农桥、红旗桥、刘守庙桥、红光桥、焦庄桥共6个监测断面。2014年3月到11月期间,两周为一个周期,进行取样,遇暴雨等特殊天气增加监测次数,部分环境数据实地监测,其他项目待带回实验室检测。浮游生物的监测主要分为浮游植物和浮游动物两个部分。浮游植物主要检测到包括蓝藻门在内的八个门类,此次调查中共检出浮游动物81个种属。监测以种为最小单位,包括不知名种属。取样后进行镜检,统计分析浮游生物种类组成和密度、优势种等项目,以研究府河浮游生物群落结构特征、时空演替规律。选用Shannon-Wiener、Margalef、Pielou三种生物多样性指数分析府河浮游生物的多样性。分析整理监测数据后,计算各采样点浮游生物在不同时间的多样性指数,以及各监测时间内各样点的多样性指数,分析时间和空间上的多样性指数变化规律,并按照选定的评价标准,初步评价府河在监测期间的水质情况。浮游植物和浮游动物多样性指数的分析结果均显示府河水质属于轻-中度污染的范围。以各季节为分析单元,利用SPSS软件,分析保定府河周边环境因子与浮游生物群落之间的关系,找到其内在的相关性,分析显示府河浮游植物密度与水体中DO、叶绿素a浓度均呈显著正相关。使用CANOCO软件进行去趋势对应分析后,适应于线性模型,约束性排序选用冗余分析(RDA),分析府河浮游植物生长的控制性环境因子,主要是温度和氮磷营养盐浓度影响府河浮游植物群落分布。两种分析结果显示,4号点刘守庙桥水质最好,氮磷及有机污染程度最低,浮游植物群落多样性较好;1号点南关桥有机污染程度较严重,水质总体质量较差,浮游植物群落结构较不稳定。府河浮游生物群落结构及多样性的研究,从生物角度反映保定府河水质整体状况,为全面评价城市内河水质与污染控制提供参考,为制定经济、合理的城市内河治理措施,改善城市内河水质提供参考。
[Abstract]:As an important part of water system construction in Baoding City, Fuhe has the functions of flood control, water conservation, climate adjustment and so on, which is of great value to the balance of urban landscape and ecosystem. Through continuous monitoring for a long time, the characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and its temporal and spatial distribution in Baoding Fuhe River were studied, and the diversity index at different time points and the variation law of biodiversity were analyzed. At the same time, the effect of other environmental monitoring indexes on plankton index is analyzed, which provides a basis for the study of river self-purification ability. According to the state of the Fuhe River and its surrounding environment, this part of the river section from South China Avenue to the East second Ring Road was selected as the main monitoring body, and the bridge was selected as the point. Nanguan Bridge, working-agriculture bridge, Hongqi Bridge, Liu Shoumiao Bridge and Hongguang Bridge were selected. Jiaozhuang Bridge has 6 monitoring sections. During the period of March to November 2014, two weeks is a cycle, sampling, heavy rain and other special weather to increase the number of monitoring, some environmental data field monitoring, other items to be brought back to the laboratory for testing. The monitoring of plankton is divided into two parts: phytoplankton and zooplankton. Phytoplankton was mainly detected in 8 phylum species, including cyanobacteria, and 81 species of zooplankton were detected in this survey. Species are the smallest unit of surveillance, including unknown species. After sampling, the species composition and density of plankton, dominant species and other items were statistically analyzed to study the characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and temporal and spatial succession in Fuhe River. The diversity of plankton in Fuhe River was analyzed by using three biodiversity indices of Shannon-Wiener,Margalef,Pielou. After analyzing the monitoring data, the diversity index of plankton in different time and the diversity index of various points in each monitoring time were calculated, and the variation rules of diversity index in time and space were analyzed. According to the selected evaluation criteria, the water quality of Fuhe River during the monitoring period was preliminarily evaluated. The results of phytoplankton and phytoplankton diversity index showed that the water quality of Fuhe River was within the range of light to moderate pollution. The relationship between environmental factors and plankton community around the Fuhe River in Baoding was analyzed by using SPSS software. The correlation between phytoplankton density and DO, in water was found. There was a significant positive correlation between chlorophyll a concentration and chlorophyll a concentration. CANOCO software was used to analyze the trend of phytoplankton, which was suitable for linear model. Redundant (RDA), analysis was used to analyze the controlling environmental factors of phytoplankton growth in Fuhe River. The distribution of phytoplankton community in Fuhe River was mainly influenced by temperature and nitrogen and phosphorus concentration. The results showed that the water quality of Liushoumiaqiao was the best, the degree of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollution was the lowest, and the diversity of phytoplankton community was better. The organic pollution of Nanguan Bridge at No.1 is serious, the water quality is poor, and the phytoplankton community structure is unstable. The study on the structure and diversity of plankton community in Fuhe River reflects the overall water quality of Baoding River from a biological point of view, which provides a reference for the overall evaluation of water quality and pollution control of urban inland rivers, and provides a basis for formulating economic and rational urban river control measures. To provide reference for improving the water quality of urban inland rivers.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：Q178
本文编号：2334549
[Abstract]:As an important part of water system construction in Baoding City, Fuhe has the functions of flood control, water conservation, climate adjustment and so on, which is of great value to the balance of urban landscape and ecosystem. Through continuous monitoring for a long time, the characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and its temporal and spatial distribution in Baoding Fuhe River were studied, and the diversity index at different time points and the variation law of biodiversity were analyzed. At the same time, the effect of other environmental monitoring indexes on plankton index is analyzed, which provides a basis for the study of river self-purification ability. According to the state of the Fuhe River and its surrounding environment, this part of the river section from South China Avenue to the East second Ring Road was selected as the main monitoring body, and the bridge was selected as the point. Nanguan Bridge, working-agriculture bridge, Hongqi Bridge, Liu Shoumiao Bridge and Hongguang Bridge were selected. Jiaozhuang Bridge has 6 monitoring sections. During the period of March to November 2014, two weeks is a cycle, sampling, heavy rain and other special weather to increase the number of monitoring, some environmental data field monitoring, other items to be brought back to the laboratory for testing. The monitoring of plankton is divided into two parts: phytoplankton and zooplankton. Phytoplankton was mainly detected in 8 phylum species, including cyanobacteria, and 81 species of zooplankton were detected in this survey. Species are the smallest unit of surveillance, including unknown species. After sampling, the species composition and density of plankton, dominant species and other items were statistically analyzed to study the characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and temporal and spatial succession in Fuhe River. The diversity of plankton in Fuhe River was analyzed by using three biodiversity indices of Shannon-Wiener,Margalef,Pielou. After analyzing the monitoring data, the diversity index of plankton in different time and the diversity index of various points in each monitoring time were calculated, and the variation rules of diversity index in time and space were analyzed. According to the selected evaluation criteria, the water quality of Fuhe River during the monitoring period was preliminarily evaluated. The results of phytoplankton and phytoplankton diversity index showed that the water quality of Fuhe River was within the range of light to moderate pollution. The relationship between environmental factors and plankton community around the Fuhe River in Baoding was analyzed by using SPSS software. The correlation between phytoplankton density and DO, in water was found. There was a significant positive correlation between chlorophyll a concentration and chlorophyll a concentration. CANOCO software was used to analyze the trend of phytoplankton, which was suitable for linear model. Redundant (RDA), analysis was used to analyze the controlling environmental factors of phytoplankton growth in Fuhe River. The distribution of phytoplankton community in Fuhe River was mainly influenced by temperature and nitrogen and phosphorus concentration. The results showed that the water quality of Liushoumiaqiao was the best, the degree of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollution was the lowest, and the diversity of phytoplankton community was better. The organic pollution of Nanguan Bridge at No.1 is serious, the water quality is poor, and the phytoplankton community structure is unstable. The study on the structure and diversity of plankton community in Fuhe River reflects the overall water quality of Baoding River from a biological point of view, which provides a reference for the overall evaluation of water quality and pollution control of urban inland rivers, and provides a basis for formulating economic and rational urban river control measures. To provide reference for improving the water quality of urban inland rivers.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：Q178
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