黄山屯溪老街街区空间更新的形态特征研究
发布时间：2018-12-11 01:46
【摘要】：当前我国对城市形态的研究,大多是以城市为尺度研究一个城市的形态发展演变历程,而对城市中中小尺度的街区的形态演变研究相对较少。与此同时,西方的城市形态学特别是以历史地理学为基础的康泽恩学派基于对小尺度城镇的空间形态的研究,形成了以市镇分析方法为核心的城市形态学研究方法。基于形态学分析对历史街区进行研究乃至价值评估,有利于其合理、科学的保护。本文以屯溪老街街区为研究对象,其位于黄山市屯溪区中心地段,原名屯溪街,自古就是徽州乃至皖南地区的商业中心,被称为流动的“清明上河图”,是中国保存最完整、最具有明清建筑风格的传统街市,屯溪老街街区范围清晰、规模小,是街区尺度研究的典型实例。同时探索国内外城市形态理论在中国小尺度街区的应用,具有一定的理论和现实意义。屯溪老街街区近现代化的更新始于民国大火之后,本文基于形态学的理论方法,结合街区空间更新的阶段特征,将屯溪老街街区的近现代的空间更新划分为四个阶段:第一个阶段为民国大火后至抗日战争爆发前(1929-1937),主要是沿屯溪老街主街商业地块的更新;第二个阶段是抗日战争爆发后至建国前(1938-1949),主要是沿主街内巷居住地块的更新;第三个阶段为建国后至改革开放前(1950-1977),主要是街区主街外缘内侧地块的更新:第四个阶段为改革开放后(1978至今),主要是街区主街外缘外侧地块的更新。通过对各更新阶段街区的整体格局及对其空间景观单元包括街道系统、地块肌理、建筑形态单元及产权组织等要素的形态特征进行具体的剖析,分析归纳其空间更新的整体形态特征及其影响要素和作用机理,进而揭示街区更新的总体特征。整体来看,屯溪老街街区的更新形成了从内到外的空间过程,即沿主街到外缘的圈层式更新,不同更新阶段的更新区域逐渐相互交织覆盖,进而形成了拼贴状的格局。影响街区更新的主要因素包括:经济的兴衰、人口的增减、政府政策的实施、战争的爆发、交通方式和建筑技术的变革等,这些因素既直接影响街区的形态特征,相互之间又产生作用推动街区的更新。本文对屯溪老街街区空间更新的形态特征的研究,为屯溪老街街区历史价值的再评估与历史街区的保护提供了研究依据,同时是应用康泽恩学派形态学方法研究我国小尺度街区空间更新的实证研究。
[Abstract]:At present, most of the studies on urban morphology in China are based on the city as the scale of the development and evolution of a city, but the study of the shape evolution of the small and medium scale of the city is relatively few. At the same time, the western urban morphology, especially the Kangzian school based on historical geography, based on the study of the spatial morphology of small scale towns, forms a research method of urban morphology with the method of town analysis as the core. The research and evaluation of historical blocks based on morphological analysis is beneficial to its reasonable and scientific protection. This paper takes Tunxi Old Street Block as the research object, which is located in the center of Tunxi District, Huangshan City, formerly known as Tunxi Street, is the commercial center of Huizhou and even the Southern Anhui area since ancient times, and is called the mobile "Qingming Shanghe Tu", which is the most complete preservation in China. The traditional market with the most architectural style in Ming and Qing dynasties is a typical example of block scale study. At the same time, it is of theoretical and practical significance to explore the application of urban morphology theory in small scale blocks in China. The renewal of the near modernization of Tunxi Laojie district began after the fire in the Republic of China. Based on the morphological theory and method, this paper combines the stage characteristics of the renewal of the block space. The space renewal of Tunxi Old Street Block is divided into four stages: the first stage is after the fire of the Republic of China and before the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan (1929-1937), mainly the renewal of commercial land along the main Street of Tunxi Laojie; The second stage was from the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan to the founding of the people's Republic of China (1938-1949), mainly the renewal of residential plots along the main street. The third stage is from the founding of the people's Republic of China to the reform and opening up period (1950-1977), which is mainly the renewal of the inner block of the outer edge of the main street, and the fourth stage is the renewal of the outer block of the outer edge of the main street after the reform and opening up (1978 to now). Through the analysis of the overall pattern of the blocks in each renewal stage and the morphological characteristics of the space landscape units including the street system, the texture of the plot, the building form unit and the property right organization, etc., This paper analyzes and sums up the overall morphological characteristics of its spatial renewal, its influencing factors and action mechanism, and then reveals the overall characteristics of the renewal of blocks. On the whole, the renewal of Tunxi old street block formed the space process from inside to outside, that is, the circle renewal along the main street to the outer edge, the renewal areas of different renewal stages gradually intertwined and covered each other, and then formed the pattern of collage. The main factors that affect the renewal of the block include: the rise and fall of economy, the increase and decrease of population, the implementation of government policy, the outbreak of war, the change of traffic mode and construction technology, and so on. Each other has a role in promoting the renewal of the block. This paper studies the morphological characteristics of the space renewal of Tunxi Old Street Block, which provides the research basis for the re-evaluation of the historic value and the protection of the historic district. At the same time, it is an empirical study on the spatial renewal of small-scale blocks in China by using the morphological method of Kangzian School.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.114
本文编号：2371628
[Abstract]:At present, most of the studies on urban morphology in China are based on the city as the scale of the development and evolution of a city, but the study of the shape evolution of the small and medium scale of the city is relatively few. At the same time, the western urban morphology, especially the Kangzian school based on historical geography, based on the study of the spatial morphology of small scale towns, forms a research method of urban morphology with the method of town analysis as the core. The research and evaluation of historical blocks based on morphological analysis is beneficial to its reasonable and scientific protection. This paper takes Tunxi Old Street Block as the research object, which is located in the center of Tunxi District, Huangshan City, formerly known as Tunxi Street, is the commercial center of Huizhou and even the Southern Anhui area since ancient times, and is called the mobile "Qingming Shanghe Tu", which is the most complete preservation in China. The traditional market with the most architectural style in Ming and Qing dynasties is a typical example of block scale study. At the same time, it is of theoretical and practical significance to explore the application of urban morphology theory in small scale blocks in China. The renewal of the near modernization of Tunxi Laojie district began after the fire in the Republic of China. Based on the morphological theory and method, this paper combines the stage characteristics of the renewal of the block space. The space renewal of Tunxi Old Street Block is divided into four stages: the first stage is after the fire of the Republic of China and before the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan (1929-1937), mainly the renewal of commercial land along the main Street of Tunxi Laojie; The second stage was from the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan to the founding of the people's Republic of China (1938-1949), mainly the renewal of residential plots along the main street. The third stage is from the founding of the people's Republic of China to the reform and opening up period (1950-1977), which is mainly the renewal of the inner block of the outer edge of the main street, and the fourth stage is the renewal of the outer block of the outer edge of the main street after the reform and opening up (1978 to now). Through the analysis of the overall pattern of the blocks in each renewal stage and the morphological characteristics of the space landscape units including the street system, the texture of the plot, the building form unit and the property right organization, etc., This paper analyzes and sums up the overall morphological characteristics of its spatial renewal, its influencing factors and action mechanism, and then reveals the overall characteristics of the renewal of blocks. On the whole, the renewal of Tunxi old street block formed the space process from inside to outside, that is, the circle renewal along the main street to the outer edge, the renewal areas of different renewal stages gradually intertwined and covered each other, and then formed the pattern of collage. The main factors that affect the renewal of the block include: the rise and fall of economy, the increase and decrease of population, the implementation of government policy, the outbreak of war, the change of traffic mode and construction technology, and so on. Each other has a role in promoting the renewal of the block. This paper studies the morphological characteristics of the space renewal of Tunxi Old Street Block, which provides the research basis for the re-evaluation of the historic value and the protection of the historic district. At the same time, it is an empirical study on the spatial renewal of small-scale blocks in China by using the morphological method of Kangzian School.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.114
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