表现主义画家在创作中情感表达方式的探索

发布时间：2018-12-16 20:52

【摘要】：在19世纪末20世纪初的欧洲传统美术正接受着巨大的冲击,一些具有开拓性的现代流派出现了,表现主义正是在这样的背景下产生的。“表现”一词最开始所指的是艺术家在艺术创作过程中偏向自我本身的情感表达,这种情感的表达要多于对客观物体的描述,它同“再现”这个词所表达的意思正好相对。表现主义的艺术家们最开始受文森特·威廉·梵·高(Vincent Willem van Gogh,1853-1890)和亨利·马蒂斯(Henri Matisse,1869—1954)的影响,在艺术创作中极具表现艺术家个人主观思想,经常运用一些疯狂的笔触线条,情绪化的色彩和变形扭曲的个体形象构成非常有视觉冲击力的画面。而这些艺术家们所表现的主观思想大部分来自他们当时所处的社会环境、所生长的社会背景,并通过他们自己的理解及特有的绘画方式来宣泄。他们受到了弗里德里希·威廉·尼采(德语:Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche,1844-1900)主观唯心主义哲学的影响,将自我的情感毫不掩饰的曝露在其作品当中。在尼采的《悲剧的诞生》中有提到狄俄尼索斯艺术,这种艺术来自于潜意识的认识,是恶毒的、混乱和疯狂的艺术。表现主义艺术家们的绘画几乎都包含有:扭曲的物象、鲜艳的颜色、绘画技巧的无意识、没有科学的程式、完全没有理智、低沉的情绪。他们利用了日耳曼人的满族艺术、中世纪哥特式艺术和自身的作品相融合,凭借着主观的精神意识,将事物的深层次的幻想描绘,用抽象的外表体现潜在的个性。本文将先从表现主义产生与发展介绍作为铺垫开始,然后再对表现主义出现的原因;画面构成;造型特色;色彩;线条等五个方面分别出发来研究艺术家们情感表达的方式。
[Abstract]:At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the traditional European art was undergoing a great impact, and some pioneering modern schools appeared. Expressionism came into being under such a background. The word "expression" at the beginning refers to the artist's preference in the process of artistic creation to the emotional expression of himself, which is more expressive than the description of the objective object, which is exactly opposite to the meaning expressed by the word "reproduction". Expressionist artists were initially influenced by Vincent William Van Gogh (Vincent Willem van Gogh,1853-1890 and Henri Matisse,1869-1954, who expressed the artist's personal subjective thoughts in his artistic creation. Often use some crazy brushstroke lines, emotional color and distorted individual image to form a very visual impact of the screen. Most of the subjective thoughts expressed by these artists come from their social environment, the social background of their growth, and their own understanding and unique painting methods. Influenced by the subjective idealism philosophy of German: Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche,1844-1900, they exposed their feelings to his works. In Nietzsche's birth of tragedy there is mention of Dionysus art, which comes from the subconscious mind and is vicious, chaotic, and crazy. The paintings of expressionist artists almost always include: distorted objects, bright colors, unconscious painting techniques, no scientific programming, no rational, low mood. They make use of the Manchu art of the Germanic people, the medieval Gothic art and their own works, and with their subjective spiritual consciousness, they depict the deep fantasy of things and use the abstract appearance to reflect the potential individuality. This paper first introduces the emergence and development of expressionism as the foundation, and then studies the expression of artists' emotion from five aspects: the reason of the emergence of expressionism; the composition of the picture; the characteristics of the shape; the color; the line and so on.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J204

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