老龄化背景下老旧住区景观适老化改造研究

发布时间：2019-03-26 16:53

【摘要】：随着社会经济的不断发展和医疗水平的不断进步,人们的健康也得到越来越多的保证,寿命越来越长,然而,伴随而来的却是社会的人口老龄化问题。由于我国的养老事业还处于起步阶段,人口的老龄化给养老设施、养老服务和养老保证并不完善的中国带来了巨大的压力。为了应对日趋严重的老龄化问题,我国政府也逐步调整了养老政策,提出了 "以家庭养老为基础、社区养老为依托、机构养老为支撑"的养老体系,所以,居家养老是当前乃至今后相当长时间内的中国社会的主要的养老模式之一。然而,我国当前的住区景观环境令人担忧,尤其是那些建设年代比较早,使用时间比较长的老旧小区,存在着绿地空间狭小、交通流线不通畅、道路空间被侵占、公共设施破损等问题。这些问题的产生给居家养老的老年人造成了极大的不便,严重降低了老年人晚年生活的品质和质量,也与老年人的生活需求产生了较大的矛盾。因而,如何为老年人创造舒适宜人的住区环境,促进老年人的身心健康,提高老年人晚年生活质量及生活的幸福感,已经成为社会亟需解决的一个问题。本文主要研究适宜老年人生活的住区景观,通过相关的文献阅读,笔者针对国内外养老模式及其政策、住区景观适老化改造的研究理论及现状、国内外的住区景观适老化设计或改造的实例进行了论述,并以老年人为研究对象,阐述了老年人生理、心理、行为和社会特征的变化与其对住区景观环境的需求,从而探索出更适合老年人的住区景观环境。除了理论研究外,文章还采用了社会调研的方法。主要选取了福州市的八个不同地域不同时期的老旧小区进行住区现状景观环境调查及老年人对住区景观环境的评价与需求调查,以期归纳出住区景观存在的共同的问题及老年人的普遍需求。在这基础上,归纳总结出老旧住区景观环境适老化改造的理念,并系统地提出了适合我国老旧住区景观适老化改造更新的策略。本研究针对老年人的变化及其特殊需求进行了比较全面的论述和实地调查,通过问卷收集到的数据详实可靠,并且完整系统地提出了老旧住区景观适老化改造的理念和策略,对今后住区景观环境的适老化改造设计导则的制定具有一定的参考意义。同时,也为今后的养老地产景观、养老院及多功能的复合型社区等的建设提供一定的参考与借鉴,对老旧住区适老化景观的活力营造等方面也起到了一定的推动作用。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the social economy and the continuous improvement of the medical level, people's health is more and more guaranteed, and the service life is becoming more and more long. The aging of the population has brought great pressure to the old-age facilities, the old-age service and the guarantee of the old-age guarantee. In order to deal with the growing problem of aging, our government has gradually adjusted the old-age policy and put forward the "On the basis of family pension, the community is based on the old-age pension, and the institution is supported by the old-age support." 's pension system, so the home-based pension is one of the main old-age models of the Chinese society, which is the current and even a long time in the future. However, the current residential landscape environment in our country is worrying, especially those old cells with long time of construction and long use time. There are such problems as the narrow space of the green space, the unsmooth traffic flow, the occupation of the road space, the damage of the public facilities and the like. The generation of these problems has caused great inconvenience to the elderly in the home, which seriously reduces the quality and quality of the old people's late-year life, and also has a great contradiction with the life demand of the old people. Therefore, how to create a comfortable and pleasant human settlement environment for the elderly, to promote the physical and mental health of the elderly and to improve the quality of life and the well-being of the elderly in the later years has become a problem that the society needs to solve urgently. This paper mainly studies the residential landscape suitable for the old people's life, and through the relevant literature reading, the author has made a discussion on the research theory and present situation of the old-age pension model and its policy, residential landscape adapting and aging, and the design or modification of the residential landscape at home and abroad. The changes of the physical, psychological, behavioral and social characteristics of the old people and their requirements on the landscape environment of the human settlements are described and the residential landscape environment for the elderly is explored. In addition to the theoretical study, the article also adopts the method of social research. The paper mainly selects the existing landscape environment survey of the old cell in the eight different periods of Fuzhou and the evaluation and demand survey of the old people to the residential landscape environment, with a view to inducing the common problems in the landscape of the living area and the general demand of the old people. On the basis of this, the paper summarizes the concept of the old residential landscape environment adapting and aging, and puts forward the strategy suitable for the renewal of the old settlement of the old residential area. In view of the change of old people and their special needs, this research has made a comprehensive discussion and field survey, the data collected through the questionnaire are detailed and reliable, and the concept and strategy of the old residential landscape adapting and aging transformation are put forward in a complete and systematic way. It is of some reference to the development of the design guidelines for the adaptation of the residential landscape environment in the future. At the same time, it also provides some reference and reference for the construction of the future old-age property landscape, the nursing home and the multi-function compound community.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.12

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