基于驾驶员心理、生理反应的高原公路驾驶疲劳研究

发布时间：2019-05-25 03:23

【摘要】：近年来西部地区经济得到了较大的发展,但是由于高原地区特殊的地理环境,使得公路运输依旧是高原地区的主要运输方式。低氧是高原地区的主要特征之一,随着海拔的升高缺氧程度进一步加深,且高原公路所经大部分地区地表裸露仅有零星植被覆盖,致使道路景观单一。行驶于高原地区驾驶员不仅会受到道路线形的影响,还要受到高原低氧、干燥辐射等自然环境的干扰,高原环境容易使驾驶员产生驾驶疲劳。驾驶疲劳可以通过驾驶员心理生理等方面的变化反映出来,通过对高原公路驾驶员行驶过程中心理生理指标的分析可以得到高原环境下驾驶疲劳的形成规律与驾驶疲劳的出现时间。本文以定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法从人机工程学和交通心理学角度出发,对高原环境下的驾驶疲劳问题进行研究。通过主观感受调查和静态心生理指标检测了解高原公路驾驶员的群体特征以及影响驾驶员驾驶疲劳的主要因素,并通过高原公路实地驾驶试验对造成驾驶疲劳的因素进行分析。数据分析表明:心率变异性指标中LF和LF/HF与驾驶时间和海拔的相关性较强,可以作为高原地区驾驶疲劳的检测及评价指标。以LF/HF作为疲劳评价指标,利用SPSS建立LF/HF与驾驶时间及海拔的关系模型,并对模型进行分析,结果表明:高原环境下驾驶疲劳的形成受到驾驶时间和海拔的双重影响,海拔越高驾驶时间越长驾驶员驾驶疲劳程度越深。LF/HF配对T检验结果表明在高原地区海拔升高更容易使驾驶员出现驾驶疲劳,在驾驶时间和海拔的综合作用下上行过程连续驾驶约70 min出现驾驶疲劳,下行过程连续驾驶约110min出现驾驶疲劳;驾驶疲劳的出现时间早于平原地区高速公路连续驾驶时间的建议值3.5h,反映出高原低氧环境会加快驾驶员驾驶疲劳的出现。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the economy of the western region has been greatly developed, but because of the special geographical environment of the plateau area, highway transportation is still the main mode of transportation in the plateau area. Hypoxia is one of the main characteristics of plateau area. With the increase of altitude, the degree of hypoxia is further deepened, and most of the plateau roads are covered with sporadic vegetation, resulting in a single road landscape. Drivers in plateau area will not only be affected by road alignment, but also disturbed by altitude hypoxia, dry radiation and other natural environment, which is easy to cause driver fatigue. Driving fatigue can be reflected by the psychological and physiological changes of the driver. Through the analysis of psychophysiological indexes of high altitude highway drivers during driving, the formation law of driving fatigue and the occurrence time of driving fatigue in plateau environment can be obtained. In this paper, the problem of driving fatigue in plateau environment is studied from the point of view of ergonomics and traffic psychology by means of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. The population characteristics of high altitude highway drivers and the main factors affecting driver driving fatigue were investigated by subjective feeling investigation and static cardiac physiological index test, and the factors causing driving fatigue were analyzed through the field driving test of plateau highway. The data analysis shows that LF and LF/HF have strong correlation with driving time and altitude, which can be used as the detection and evaluation index of driving fatigue in plateau area. Taking LF/HF as fatigue evaluation index, the relationship model between LF/HF and driving time and altitude is established by SPSS, and the model is analyzed. The results show that the formation of driving fatigue in plateau environment is affected by both driving time and altitude. The higher the altitude, the longer the driving time, the deeper the driver's driving fatigue. The results of LF / HF matched T test show that the increase of altitude is more likely to cause driver fatigue. Under the combined action of driving time and altitude, driving fatigue occurred in the continuous driving process of about 70 min, and driving fatigue occurred in the continuous driving process of about 110min in the downlink process. The occurrence time of driving fatigue is earlier than the suggested value of 3.5 hours of continuous driving time of expressway in plain area, which reflects that the high altitude hypoxia environment will accelerate the emergence of driver driving fatigue.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.25

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