至上主义绘画与《道德经》思想一致性的研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 15:32

本文选题：至上主义　切入点：道德经　出处：《河北师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文通过解析至上主义风格绘画《黑色方块》、《白上的白》、《红色方块》等代表作品同中国历史上首部哲学著作《道德经》中部分哲学或美学观点，发掘中国传统哲学思想与20世纪东欧前卫艺术的一致性。本文从四个方面发现至上主义风格绘画同中国传统哲学思想的一致性，从而对至上主义这个外来的艺术风格及其艺术语言进行中式的解析。首先从形式上，至上主义的绘画彻底抛弃了传统绘画的艺术语言，作品中只剩下最为简单的几何图形，简单到没有空间感的正方形其实蕴含着无穷无尽的形状，长方形是方形的衍伸，圆形是方形旋转的结果，，十字架是方形纵向与横向的交叉。这种寓意极致的形态和纯粹的形式，同《道德经》中“大方无隅……大象无形”表达的思想一致。这正体现了“道”的“有限”与“无限”、“有形”与“无形”的哲学思想，两者都是在以有限的形式表达无限的存在，体现出了有限和无线的高度统一。其次从对待色彩的态度上，马列维奇从初期的彩色（包含黑色）上升到更高层面的单纯白色到最终的白色来体现色彩原始本性，以此代表马列维奇追求纯粹表达的思想。《道德经》中的“五色令人目盲”思想表达老子将五颜六色的万物都回归到黑和白的境界，道家最终将色彩归结到了“玄”色—黑色。两者对色彩至纯、至朴、至上的追求表现出了默契的一致性。再次从情感和感受上，马列维奇通过黑色几何形和白色表达了一个唯一的、纯粹的目的，纯粹、至高无上的艺术情感，让绘画艺术呈现出与众不同、表现出纯粹的情感至上。《道德经》中“致虚极，守静笃”所描述的是心灵达到空宁极致后回归本真的最初情感，是在追寻世界的本源或本质时，追求道的“博”、“大”时，产生的淡泊、深沉，空寂、执著的感受。分别表达了情感的至上和感受的至上。最后从精神追求及理想社会上体现的一致性。精神追求上至上主义绘画信仰自己的“神”，不是有形之神，而是无形之神，所表达的神就是至高无上的艺术。老子的精神追求是能够排除一切私心杂念，保持虚、静的心境，从而达到“独与天地精神往来”的境界。至上主义和老子思想在精神上都将回归本体、纯粹的情感表达作为精神追求；在对理想社会的想象上，至上主义希望创造出一个被大众理解、政府理解的一个纯白、纯粹的新世界。老子希望是“小国寡民”的理想社会。二者都表现出共同的对美好、自然、充满光明的社会的向往。通过如上对比分析可以发现《道德经》同至上主义风格绘画都以简约但不简单的形式传达着作者的深邃思想。当我们重拾中国古典哲学中的“道”，深追其思想，竟然发现这部先秦著作与现代主义的诉求有诸多的相似之处。通过至上主义风格绘画同中国传统哲学思想的一致性，从而对至上主义这个外来的艺术风格及其艺术语言进行中式的解析，让读者能够更为深刻地理解至上主义的艺术风格及其艺术语言，以期对至上主义研究者和爱好者们有些许启迪。
[Abstract]:In this paper, by analyzing the supremacy of painting style black box < >, < < > white on white, red box and other representative works with China > history first < > in moral philosophy philosophical or aesthetic point of view, to explore the consistency of China traditional philosophy and avant-garde art in Eastern Europe in twentieth Century. The paper found that the consistency of supremacy the style of painting with Chinese traditional philosophy from four aspects, which are the analysis of the supremacy of the Chinese foreign artistic style and artistic language.
From the first form, the supremacy of painting completely abandoned the traditional painting language of art works, only the most simple geometry, simple to have no sense of space square actually contains inexhaustible shape is square, rectangular circular extension, is the result of the rotation of the square, square cross is vertical and horizontal the ultimate meaning of cross form and pure form, with "moral". No generous corner > in great form is beyond shape "expression of thought. This is reflected in the" road "and" limited "and" infinite ", philosophical thought of" visible "and" invisible ", both of which are expressed in the infinite in finite form, reflects the limited wireless and a high degree of unity. Secondly from the attitude towards color, Malevich from the early days of the color (including black) to rise to a higher level to the end of the white pure white To reflect the color of original nature, on behalf of Malevich's pursuit of pure expression of thought. The "moral" colors blind "expression of thought Lao Tzu everything back to will be riotous with colour black and white color of Taoism realm, will eventually come to the" mysterious "color - black. The color pure, to Portsmouth first, the pursuit of showing the consistency of tacit understanding. Again from emotions and feelings, Malevich expressed by black and white geometric form a unique, pure, pure, supreme art emotion, let the art of painting is out of the ordinary, showing pure emotion supreme moral" >. Empty, keep quiet Benedict described is the mind to achieve the original emotion after returning to the original air rather extreme, is in pursuit of the origin of the world and nature, the pursuit of the "Bo", "big", the indifferent, deep, empty Silence, persistent feelings. Feelings were expressed in first and feeling first. Consistency finally from the spirit of the pursuit of ideal society and reflect the spirit of the pursuit of supremacy. His painting belief of "God", not visible but intangible God, God, God is the expression of the highest art. Lao Tzu's spiritual pursuit is to eliminate all remain empty, the selfish ideas and personal considerations, the static state of mind, so as to achieve the independence and the spirit world, the realm of thought and supremacy. Lao Tzu in spirit will return to the body, the purely emotional expression as a spiritual pursuit of the ideal society; in the imagination, hoping to create a supremacy a common understanding, a white government understanding of the new world is pure. Lao Tzu hope is "ideal society. Two small territory and population" have shown for the common good, natural, bright social yearning.
Through the above comparative analysis can be found by the same moral supremacy > < painting style with simple but not simple form to convey the profound thinking of the author. When we regain China classical philosophy of "Tao", the deep thought, found the pre Qin works and modernism demands have many similarities through the supremacy of painting style with Chinese traditional philosophy of consistency, thus the analysis of the supremacy of the Chinese foreign artistic style and artistic language, so that readers can more deeply understand the artistic style and artistic language oriented, with a view to the supremacy of researchers and enthusiasts have some enlightenment.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：J205

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