中国山水画艺术对中国风景园林设计的影响

发布时间：2018-03-14 21:25

本文选题：中国山水画　切入点：园林意境　出处：《河北农业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在中国以描写山河自然景观题材的山水画被称为中国的四绝之一，它的兴起和变迁揭示了士大夫和文人的思想审美情感历程。中国的古典园林又大多出乎文人画家与匠工之合作，这些诗画家和匠工是计成所说的“殊有识鉴”的“能主之人”。历史上诗画艺术家经常参与园林的设计规划、品评，自己也喜欢文化环境建设，一个小园，两三亩地，垒石为山，筑亭为上，，引水为池，种花莳竹，新句题蕉叶，于焉逍遥，园林与画家结下了不解之缘。18世纪著名的园林理论家钱伯斯曾说过中国的造园家是画家和哲学家的结合体，并不像其他的国家随便一个建筑师都可以造园。中国山水画与中国古典园林都建立在了中国传统自然美学基础上，本文通过对中国绘画史和中国园林文化的研究整理总结出了天人合一的自然观、六法论和意境的表达等方面的艺术精髓，又通过对园林在空间处理、构图形式、色彩语言和物质构成等方面的总结，给中国现代园林很多的启示，对现代风景园林设计来讲，这些艺术精髓为中国现代园林奠定了造园的基础，具有很重要的现实意义和价值。改革开放以来，随着人们物质生活水平的提高，人们对良好的生产生活环境的需求与日俱增，恢复了大量的名胜古迹，新建了大量的城市公园、风景名胜区、森林公园和地质公园，我国的园林事业得到了空前的发展。但是，在园林设计中，不考虑本地实际，盲目效仿、照搬西方园林，有失中华园林的艺术特色。中国园林现在的首要任务是找回自己丢失的具有中国特色独特审美的造园理念，分清有哪些传统是不适应现代社会发展人们生活需求的，有哪些是应该继承和发扬光大的。对于我们来说，这些艺术文明都是中华文化的瑰宝，这是西方园林所没有的。我们通过对山水画和中国古典园林的研究分析，探讨二者在历史发展中的相互联系和他们对现代景观设计的种种启示进行分析并举例进行阐述。提炼出具有中国特色的造园精髓，并和现代生活环境相融合，为建造出具有中国特色的满足人们需求的可游、可观、可居、可赏的中国优秀园林提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:In China, landscape paintings that describe the natural landscape of mountains and rivers are known as one of the four best in China. Its rise and changes reveal the process of ideological and aesthetic feelings of literati and literati, and most of the classical gardens in China are more than the cooperation between literati painters and craftsmen. These poetry and painters and craftsmen are the "able masters" of what Ji Cheng calls "special knowledge and judgment." historically, poetry and painting artists have often participated in the design planning and evaluation of gardens. They also like the construction of a cultural environment, a small garden, two or three acres of land, and a stone as a mountain. Building pavilions for the top, drawing water for the pool, planting flowers and bamboo, and a new sentence on the subject of banana leaves, in which gardens and painters formed an inextricable bond. Chambers, a famous garden theorist in the 18th century, once said that Chinese gardeners are a combination of painters and philosophers. Unlike any architect in any other country, Chinese landscape paintings and Chinese classical gardens are built on the basis of traditional Chinese natural beauty. Through the study of the history of Chinese painting and the culture of Chinese gardens, this paper summarizes the artistic essence of the natural view, the theory of six laws and the expression of artistic conception, etc., and through the treatment of the garden in space, the form of composition, The summary of color language and material composition gives a lot of enlightenment to Chinese modern landscape architecture. For modern landscape architecture design, these artistic quintessence has laid the foundation for Chinese modern garden construction, and has very important realistic significance and value. Since the reform and opening up, with the improvement of people's material living standards, people's demand for a good production and living environment has increased day by day, a large number of scenic spots have been restored, a large number of urban parks and scenic spots have been built. Forest parks and geopark, China's garden industry has been unprecedented development. However, in the garden design, regardless of the local reality, blindly imitating western gardens, The most important task of Chinese gardens now is to find their lost unique aesthetic concept of gardening with Chinese characteristics, and to distinguish which traditions are not suitable for the needs of people living in the development of modern society. What should be inherited and carried forward? to us, these art civilizations are treasures of Chinese culture, which are not found in western gardens. We study and analyze landscape paintings and Chinese classical gardens. This paper discusses the interrelation between the two in the historical development and their inspiration to the modern landscape design, and gives examples to illustrate the essence of the garden construction with Chinese characteristics, which is integrated with the modern living environment. In order to build the Chinese characteristics to meet the needs of the swimming, impressive, habitable, appreciable Chinese excellent garden to provide reference.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：J212;TU986

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