魏晋南北朝肖像画研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 14:01

本文选题：肖像画 + 专业画家　；参考：《山西师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：魏晋南北朝时期是中国历史上第二次大的社会动荡与民族融合时期，在这一时期，出现了专业画家，士大夫参与到了绘画中，民间美术活动兴盛，美术成为具有独立审美价值的艺术品，美术创作出现了繁荣的景象。中原农业民族文化与少数民族及国外文化的交融丰富了绘画的内容与表现技法，也促进了绘画新面貌的出现。肖像画作为绘画的重要组成部分，在魏晋南北朝期间得到了极大的发展，陆探微所创造的“秀骨清像”，无疑是魏晋南北朝名士的缩影，是当时文人士大夫阶层的直接写照。从整体上来看，绘画技法在此期有所提高，肖像画呈现出多样化的面貌，既有“笔迹稠密”的密体，又有“笔才一二，像已应焉”的疏体；在人物风貌的表现上，呈现出了不同的特点，因此有“张得其肉，陆得其骨，顾得其神”之说。肖像画在此期强调表现人生动的气质与风貌，与人“传神写照”，这一点，顾恺之与谢赫在其美术理论著作中提出并反复强调，，影响了中国绘画几千年。魏晋南北朝时期的肖像画流传至今的多为墓室壁画与后世摹本卷轴画，本文将结合这些作品，辅以考古资料及文献记载为佐证，对魏晋南北朝肖像画作进一步研究，希望能系统的还原其本来面貌。
[Abstract]:The period of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties was the second great period of social turbulence and ethnic integration in Chinese history. In this period, professional painters, literati and officials took part in painting, and folk art activities flourished. Art has become a work of art with independent aesthetic value, art creation has a prosperous scene. The blending of agricultural culture with ethnic minorities and foreign cultures in the Central Plains enriches the contents and techniques of painting and promotes the emergence of new features of painting. As an important part of painting, portraits were greatly developed during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties. Lu San-wei 's creation of "Xiu Gu Qing Image" is undoubtedly a microcosm of the famous people in the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern dynasties, and a direct portrayal of the literati and bureaucrats at that time. On the whole, painting techniques have been improved in this period, and portraits have shown a variety of features, ranging from "dense handwriting" to "pen only one or two, like the sparse form that should have been done." in terms of the style and appearance of the characters, Show different characteristics, so there is "Zhang its flesh, land its bones, care for their gods." In this period, portraits emphasize the expression of vivid temperament and style, and "vivid portrayal", which Gu Kaizhi and Sheikh put forward and stressed repeatedly in their works of art theory, which influenced Chinese painting for thousands of years. The portraits of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties are mostly murals in tombs and copy scroll paintings of later generations. This paper will combine these works with archaeological materials and documentary records to further study the portraits of the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern dynasties. The hope can restore its original appearance systematically.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J212

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