浅析西方“现实主义”对当代中国工笔人物画表现语言的影响

发布时间：2018-08-10 20:05

【摘要】：二十世纪是传统中国画被迫转型的时代。在中西方文化交流的大环境下,一股“西风东渐”的热潮将西方写实艺术带入中国画坛,这不仅改变了中国画的发展路径,更在一定程度上影响了传统中国画的审美意趣和艺术表现。在这个大变革的过程中,对光影、体积等这些西方“现实主义”语境下重要元素的引入,曾经使中国画在一定程度上丧失了超世性的诗性,加之文革特殊历史条件下主题性绘画的影响,“现实主义”对中国画的影响莫衷一是。但是,不可否认的是,“现实主义”绘画的元素对中国工笔画,特别是当代中国工笔画影响巨大,促使当代工笔画向现代性进行转变。论文结合西方“现实主义”与中国画的碰撞、嫁接、融合的历程,试图从四个方面论述西方“现实主义”对中国当代工笔画的影响。一是由意象到写实色彩运用：建立在色彩与光源关系基础上的科学完备的理论体系,打破了传统工笔画中线对色彩的限制,运用色彩的心理效应表达画面情感,平面的色彩转化为空间的色彩,为渐趋落寞的工笔画提供极丰富地可以学习借鉴的资源；二是由程式到写生的造型转换：从科学的角度客观而深入地表现对象,并发展出一套兼备透视法、解剖学的科学写实系统,注重写生,用线由程式化向写实性发展,线依附于形体表达,个性化造型传达画家个人情感和审美意趣,为中国画家摆脱传统程式化造型提供最好的借鉴；三是构图上由相对简单的程式化到丰富多元化,引入焦点透视的方法到当代工笔人物画,呈现出令人耳目一新的面貌；四是由从出世到入世的表现内容,开始面向真实的人性和人情,面向真实的社会现实,表现身边的近距离所见及日常感受。阐述作者如何用包容而谦虚的文化姿态去主动地摄取视觉配方,对东西方艺术资源进行有效地“重塑”,从而进行新图式经验的当代工笔画艺术创作。
[Abstract]:The twentieth century is an era in which traditional Chinese painting has been forced to transform. In the context of cultural exchanges between China and the West, a wave of "westerly eastward" has brought western realistic art into the Chinese painting world. This not only changed the development path of Chinese painting, but also affected the aesthetic interest and artistic expression of traditional Chinese painting to a certain extent. In the process of the Cultural Revolution, the introduction of light, shadow, volume and other important elements in the context of Western "realism" has made Chinese painting lose its poetic transcendence to a certain extent. In addition, the influence of thematic painting under the special historical conditions of the Cultural Revolution, "realism" on Chinese painting is inconsistent. The elements of realism have a great influence on Chinese fine brush painting, especially on contemporary Chinese fine brush painting, which impels the transformation from contemporary fine brush painting to modernity. First, from imagery to realistic use of color: a scientific and complete theoretical system based on the relationship between color and light source, breaking the limitations of traditional fine brush painting on color, using the psychological effects of color to express the emotions of the screen, flat color into space color, for the gradual loneliness of fine brush painting to provide a very rich. The second is the transformation from program to sketch: objectively and thoroughly expressing the object from a scientific point of view, and developing a set of scientific realism system with both perspective and anatomy, paying attention to sketch, using lines from stylization to realism, lines attached to body expression, and personalized modeling to convey the painter's personal feelings. And aesthetic interest, for Chinese painters to get rid of the traditional stylized modeling to provide the best reference; Third, the composition from relatively simple stylization to rich diversity, the introduction of focus perspective method to Contemporary Meticulous figure painting, showing a refreshing look; Fourth, from the birth to the WTO performance of the content, began to face reality. Humanity and human feelings, facing the real social reality, and expressing the close observation and daily feeling around him, this paper expounds how the author uses the tolerant and modest cultural attitude to take the initiative to absorb the visual formula, effectively "reshape" the eastern and Western artistic resources, so as to carry out the contemporary fine brush painting art creation with new schematic experience.
【学位授予单位】：中央美术学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J212

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