论中国古代文人山水画家的独特审美趣味—逸
发布时间：2018-08-19 14:11
【摘要】：中国古代文人山水画是中国绘画艺术中最具独特性的艺术审美存在。自五代山水画独立成科以来,士文人对山水画的观赏与品评,成为中国艺术中最为独特的审美观照群体。这其中有深层的封建阶级观念,也有文人对于山水画艺术的独特审美趣味的追求。特别是魏晋玄学“逸”风的影响下,文人对于“逸”性审美旨趣的体悟,成为文人精英阶层安放生命的止泊之所。笔者认为中国古代文人山水画的画风与画学观,不仅仅受时代文风影响,更与文人画家追求精神独立与生命自由的为道之心是息息相关的。而这种为道之心,则以“游、逸、理、趣、性、情”为其独特的审美旨趣。本文从最初山水画人文意识的兴起为起因之源,论及魏晋审美“逸风”和“逸品”绘画美学风格构建,以绘画品评的审美演变为文章的第一章。第二章、第三章、第四章分别以宋、元、明清的朝代文风与画风的连联,去解读文人山水画家绘画作品中所追求的审美本源与生命精神所归。通过对朝代更迭中的代表性的文人山水画家,对其画迹、画论和审美观照,来窥其山水画审美旨趣的生命所载。第五章,从文人山水画的本体角度,对自然山水的主体性与文人山水画内涵的人文精神,去解读文人山水画艺术风格与审美趣味。中国古代文人山水画“逸”性审美体悟,不仅仅是中国绘画艺术的独特审美旨趣所在,更是要安放整个封建文化下精英学士的精神所载,是对人生百态、命运多舛的生命体悟,亦是为道而艺的精神所归。其中有很深的社会性因素,也有封建文化影响下文人阶层自身的局限性。在中国古代文人山水画的审美体悟中,山水画的“逸”境审美旨趣成为了文人心中为艺求道的独特方式。以归隐、退隐、逸隐的生活方式,成就了中国文人士阶层特有的人格精神与为道之心。他们的山水画作由自然之物的理趣到自我之心的畅游,悟通到一种人生理想的精神止泊处。“逸”性审美旨趣下的山水画尤如一片栖息的精神家园,亦如一片江湖的归舟。至少它安放下了这些文人寒士的所有苦衷与无助,也容得下他们的满腹胸襟。将其生命困境下的无奈,渡入到为艺求道的精神畅然之所。
[Abstract]:Ancient Chinese literati landscape painting is the most unique artistic aesthetic existence in Chinese painting art. Since the five dynasties landscape painting became an independent subject, scholars' appreciation and evaluation of landscape painting have become the most unique aesthetic group in Chinese art. There is a deep feudal class concept, but also the pursuit of the unique aesthetic taste of landscape painting art. Especially under the influence of "Yi" style of metaphysics in Wei and Jin dynasties, the literati's understanding of the aesthetic purport of "ease" became the place where the elite lay their lives. The author thinks that the painting style and the view of painting of ancient Chinese literati landscape painting are not only influenced by the style of the times, but also closely related to the pursuit of spiritual independence and the freedom of life by literati painters. This kind of heart of Tao takes "swim, ease, reason, interest, sex and emotion" as its unique aesthetic purport. From the origin of the initial rise of the humanistic consciousness of landscape painting, this paper discusses the construction of the aesthetic style of "Yi Feng" and "Yi Pin" in Wei and Jin dynasties, and takes the aesthetic evolution of painting evaluation as the first chapter of the article. The second chapter, the third chapter, the fourth chapter respectively with the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties style and painting style connected, to interpret the literati landscape painters in the pursuit of aesthetic origin and the spirit of life. Through the representative literati landscape painters in the change of dynasties, to its painting, painting theory and aesthetic view, to see the aesthetic purport of landscape painting life contained. The fifth chapter from the literati landscape painting Noumenon angle to the nature landscape subjectivity and the literati landscape painting connotation humanities spirit to interpret the literati landscape painting artistic style and the esthetic interest. The aesthetic realization of "ease" in ancient Chinese literati's landscape painting is not only the unique aesthetic purport of Chinese painting art, but also the spirit of elite bachelor in the whole feudal culture. It is also the spirit of Tao and art. There are deep social factors and the limitation of literati stratum under the influence of feudal culture. In the aesthetic understanding of ancient Chinese literati's landscape painting, the aesthetic purport of "ease" of landscape painting has become a unique way for literati to seek art and Tao in their hearts. The life style of retreat, retreat and escape has achieved the unique personality spirit of the Chinese literati stratum and the heart of Tao. Their landscape paintings from the natural objects of the rational to the self-heart travel, understanding to a life ideal spiritual stop. The landscape painting under the aesthetic purport of "ease" is like a spiritual home and a return boat of rivers and lakes. At least it put down all the sorrows and helplessness of the literati, and allowed them to be full of heart. The helplessness of his life predicament, into the spirit of art seek Tao unobstructed place.
【学位授予单位】：山东工艺美术学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J212
本文编号：2191894
[Abstract]:Ancient Chinese literati landscape painting is the most unique artistic aesthetic existence in Chinese painting art. Since the five dynasties landscape painting became an independent subject, scholars' appreciation and evaluation of landscape painting have become the most unique aesthetic group in Chinese art. There is a deep feudal class concept, but also the pursuit of the unique aesthetic taste of landscape painting art. Especially under the influence of "Yi" style of metaphysics in Wei and Jin dynasties, the literati's understanding of the aesthetic purport of "ease" became the place where the elite lay their lives. The author thinks that the painting style and the view of painting of ancient Chinese literati landscape painting are not only influenced by the style of the times, but also closely related to the pursuit of spiritual independence and the freedom of life by literati painters. This kind of heart of Tao takes "swim, ease, reason, interest, sex and emotion" as its unique aesthetic purport. From the origin of the initial rise of the humanistic consciousness of landscape painting, this paper discusses the construction of the aesthetic style of "Yi Feng" and "Yi Pin" in Wei and Jin dynasties, and takes the aesthetic evolution of painting evaluation as the first chapter of the article. The second chapter, the third chapter, the fourth chapter respectively with the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties style and painting style connected, to interpret the literati landscape painters in the pursuit of aesthetic origin and the spirit of life. Through the representative literati landscape painters in the change of dynasties, to its painting, painting theory and aesthetic view, to see the aesthetic purport of landscape painting life contained. The fifth chapter from the literati landscape painting Noumenon angle to the nature landscape subjectivity and the literati landscape painting connotation humanities spirit to interpret the literati landscape painting artistic style and the esthetic interest. The aesthetic realization of "ease" in ancient Chinese literati's landscape painting is not only the unique aesthetic purport of Chinese painting art, but also the spirit of elite bachelor in the whole feudal culture. It is also the spirit of Tao and art. There are deep social factors and the limitation of literati stratum under the influence of feudal culture. In the aesthetic understanding of ancient Chinese literati's landscape painting, the aesthetic purport of "ease" of landscape painting has become a unique way for literati to seek art and Tao in their hearts. The life style of retreat, retreat and escape has achieved the unique personality spirit of the Chinese literati stratum and the heart of Tao. Their landscape paintings from the natural objects of the rational to the self-heart travel, understanding to a life ideal spiritual stop. The landscape painting under the aesthetic purport of "ease" is like a spiritual home and a return boat of rivers and lakes. At least it put down all the sorrows and helplessness of the literati, and allowed them to be full of heart. The helplessness of his life predicament, into the spirit of art seek Tao unobstructed place.
【学位授予单位】：山东工艺美术学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J212
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 杨应清;;浅析元代山水画特点[J];玉溪师范学院学报;2006年10期
，本文编号：2191894
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