中国画构图浅论

发布时间：2019-01-22 15:11

【摘要】：构图就是将物象组织起来表现在画面中,通过艺术的安排,条理的表现主题思想、表达意境。南朝谢赫在《画品》中提出绘画品评标准“六法论”,其中的“经营位置”讲的就是构图,而构图又被称为“章法”,也称“置陈布势”。自古以来,构图在绘画中就是一个必不可少的因素,在绘画创作中构图是作者首先要考虑的元素。一幅作品中构图的好与坏直接体现绘画形式的合理与否,更会影响到作品最终的艺术效果。因此应当引起我们的重视。中国画讲究立意、为象。在构图中,为象的作用重大,但想要做好为象,就必须先做到立意,即“必先立意,而后章法”。画家们在布局的过程中用不同的表现手法,虚实对比、留白、藏与露等等,都是为了能够更好的表达画家所要表达的思想情感和画面所要展现的意境美。中国古代儒、释、道三种哲学思想观念一直影响着古人的审美趣味与价值观,正式由于这种审美趣味,使得中国画构图不断的发展和完善。在传统中国画中,儒家思想对中国画的影响巨大,它将人道主义和博爱的精神融入到中国画中,使作品展现出一种文人精神的情感。从古至今可以说中国画的绘画形式多种多样,而到今天,我们除了要继承其优良的画风和技法形式以外,我们还需要在其基础上进行不断创新和深化改良形成新的表现风格和形式。本文分四个部分来阐述中国画构图:第一部分主要讲述中国画构图的概述和由来。第二部分主要讲述的是中国画构图法则。构图中的主宾关系、动与静、藏于露、开合呼应、留白以及中西方绘画要素的比较。图文并茂的分析了各构图法则;第三部分主要讲述的是中国画构图中的意境及气韵。分别通过在中国画中意境和气韵的体现来进行阐述。第四部分讲的是中国文化思想对中国画构图的影响。
[Abstract]:Composition is the organization of the image in the picture, through the arrangement of art, organized expression of theme, expression of artistic conception. In his works of painting, Sheikh of the Southern Dynasty put forward the standard of "six methods", in which the "position of management" refers to composition, and composition is called "Zhang method", also called "setting up Chen cloth potential". Since ancient times, composition is an essential factor in painting. The good or bad composition of a work directly reflects whether the painting form is reasonable or not, which will affect the final artistic effect of the work. Therefore, we should pay attention to it. Chinese painting pays attention to the idea, as the elephant. In composition, the role of the elephant is important, but to do a good job for the elephant, we must first do the idea, that is, "must first decide, then the method of composition." In the process of layout, painters use different methods of expression, false and actual contrast, white space, hide and dew, and so on, in order to better express the artist's thought and emotion and the artistic conception beauty to be displayed in the picture. In ancient China, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism have always influenced the aesthetic taste and values of the ancients. As a result of this aesthetic interest, the composition of Chinese painting has been developed and perfected. In traditional Chinese painting, Confucianism has a great influence on Chinese painting. It integrates humanitarianism and fraternity into Chinese painting, and makes the works show a kind of literati spirit emotion. It can be said from ancient to present that there are various forms of painting in Chinese painting, but today, in addition to inheriting its fine style of painting and technical forms, We also need to continue to innovate and deepen on its basis to form new styles and forms of expression. This paper is divided into four parts to elaborate the composition of Chinese painting: the first part mainly describes the outline and origin of Chinese painting composition. The second part is mainly about the law of composition of Chinese painting. The relationship between principal and object in composition, dynamic and static, hidden in dew, open and echo, white space and the comparison of Chinese and Western painting elements. The third part is mainly about the artistic conception and charm of Chinese painting composition. Separately through in the Chinese painting artistic conception and the charm embodiment carries on the elaboration. The fourth part is about the influence of Chinese culture on composition of Chinese painting.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J212

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