大理道教建筑装饰中的雕刻艺术研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 17:35

本文选题：大理 + 道教　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以大理道教建筑装饰中的雕刻艺术为研究对象,根据大理地区独特的地理环境、道教的历史文化背景以及大理地区的风俗习惯,对大理地区的道教及其建筑的发展现状进行了总结,其后以其建筑装饰中的雕刻艺术为切点,以装饰部位进行分类,即栏杆雕刻装饰、柱础雕刻装饰、构件雕刻装饰及门窗雕刻装饰,并从装饰表现题材内容和造型方法上进行了分类总结。这些都与中原地区的道教建筑存在一定差异性,带有浓郁的地域民族特色。首先,对大理道教的传入和发展进行了概述,大理地区正是由于长期与中原文化的交流,所以其道教发展也比较兴盛,道教建筑相对其他地区来说其数量较大；其次,通过与中原地区道教建筑的比对,得出大理地区道教建筑的格局主要是以规模小、依山势的对称院落、自由院落占多数以及单进院等几种组合形式；同时,也对道教建筑的特点做了总结,即建筑选址重视心理需要、建筑特征险峻或飘渺、建筑布局巧借自然、组景讲求谐调,追求艺术效果；第三,对影响大理道教建筑装饰的因素进行了分析,主要为：文化地理因素、地域民俗因素、地域宗教信仰因素；第四,在阐述了“装饰”一词的含义,归纳了其基本特征,包括功利性的起点、审美心理的展现、文化信息的表达、建筑性格的点染、鲜明的地域特征以及多层次的渗透,并对雕刻的含义和种类进行了归纳的基础上,对不同装饰部位的雕刻艺术进行了从表现题材、造型方法上进行了分析归纳和总结,主要分为：①栏杆雕刻装饰,包括望柱和栏板；②柱础雕刻装饰；③构件雕刻装饰,包括梁头、吊柱、斗拱、雀替；④门窗雕刻装饰,包括格子门、普通槛窗、圆形槛窗和漏窗；第五,分析了大理道教建筑中雕刻装饰美的产生,得出其审美特征,即题材多样美、造型变化美、地域特色美、工艺精湛美；最后,探讨了大理道教建筑及其雕刻艺术的价值体现,以及保护和传承,提出了一些基础性的想法。在对雕刻艺术的传承上主要有：第一,对于审美内涵的传承。第二,对于工艺技术的传承。第三,对于民族文化的传承。
[Abstract]:This article takes the carving art of Dali Taoist architecture decoration as the research object, according to the unique geographical environment of Dali area, the historical and cultural background of Taoism and the customs and habits of Dali area. This paper summarizes the development of Taoism and its architecture in Dali area, and then classifies the decorative parts by the carving art in its architectural decoration, that is, railing carving decoration, pillar foundation engraving decoration, and so on. Component engraving decoration and door-window engraving decoration, and from decoration performance theme content and modeling methods were classified and summarized. These are different from Taoist architecture in Central Plains, with rich regional national characteristics. First of all, the introduction and development of Dali Taoism are summarized. It is precisely because of the long-term cultural exchanges with the Central Plains that Dali Taoism has a relatively prosperous development, and Taoist architecture is relatively large compared with other areas; secondly, By comparing it with Taoist architecture in Central Plains, it is concluded that the pattern of Taoist architecture in Dali area is mainly in the form of small scale, symmetrical courtyard in accordance with the mountain situation, free courtyard as the majority, and single entrance to the hospital, etc. At the same time, It also summarizes the characteristics of Taoist architecture, that is, the architectural location attaches importance to psychological needs, the architectural characteristics are precipitous or ethereal, the architectural layout is skillfully borrowed from nature, the group scenery is harmonious, and the artistic effect is pursued; third, This paper analyzes the factors that affect the decoration of Dali Taoist architecture, including the factors of culture and geography, regional folklore, regional religious belief, and the fourth, expounds the meaning of the word "decoration" and summarizes its basic characteristics. It includes the starting point of utilitarianism, the display of aesthetic psychology, the expression of cultural information, the dot dyeing of architectural character, the distinct regional characteristics and the infiltration of various levels, and on the basis of the summarization of the meaning and type of sculpture, The sculpture art of different decorative parts is analyzed and summarized in terms of subject matter and modeling method. It is mainly divided into two categories: 1 railing, including Wang pillar and 2 columns foundation, and 3 components, Including beam-head, sling post, bucket arch, sparrow for four doors and windows engraving decoration, including lattice door, ordinary sill window, round sill window and leaky window. Fifth, this paper analyzes the appearance of carving decorative beauty in Dali Taoist architecture, and obtains its aesthetic characteristics. That is, the beauty of various themes, the beauty of changes in modeling, the beauty of regional characteristics and exquisite workmanship; finally, the value of Dali Taoist architecture and its carving art, as well as its protection and inheritance, are discussed, and some basic ideas are put forward. On the inheritance of sculpture art, there are: first, the inheritance of aesthetic connotation. Second, the inheritance of technology. Third, the inheritance of national culture.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TU-852

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