装修后居室空气中甲醛和总挥发性有机物污染现状

发布时间：2018-08-17 19:14

【摘要】：目的了解目前室内装修后空气中挥发性有机物(TVOC)污染水平、特征、原因和所致健康效应。方法于2003年6-9月在上海市徐汇区选取23户新装修居民住宅,分为有家具和无家具2组,另外选9户为对照组,进行室内空气中甲醛和TVOC浓度监测,同时进行居民主观症状问卷调查。结果新装修后有家具住宅空气中甲醛超标率为47.1%,最大超标5.56倍;TVOC超标率为76.5%,最大超标4.03倍;新装修后无家具住宅空气中甲醛无超标,TVOC超标率为100%。装修后空气中甲醛和TVOC浓度均以储藏室最高,其中甲醛浓度分别是客厅和卧室的7.2倍和3.6倍。装修后3个月后甲醛和TVOC浓度都大大降低,其中TVOC超标率从最初的76%下降到0%。主观症状中仅异嗅发生率差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论本研究发现目前装修所致TVOC污染水平有所下降,但装修后室内甲醛污染仍比较严重和普遍,污染原因主要在于不合格板材的使用。居民在入住新装修住房后眼睛和上呼吸道刺激症状发生率增加。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the levels, characteristics, causes and health effects of (TVOC) pollution in indoor air after decoration. Methods from June to September 2003, 23 newly decorated residences in Xuhui District, Shanghai, were divided into two groups, furniture and unfurnished, and 9 households were selected as control group. The concentrations of formaldehyde and TVOC in indoor air were monitored. At the same time, the subjective symptoms of residents were investigated. Results the rate of formaldehyde exceeding the standard was 47.1 in the air, the maximum was 5.56 times higher than the standard for TVOC was 76.5and the maximum was 4.03 times higher than the standard, and the rate of exceeding the standard in the air of the unfurnished residence was 100. The concentration of formaldehyde and TVOC in the air after decoration was the highest in storage room, and the concentration of formaldehyde was 7.2 times and 3.6 times of that of living room and bedroom, respectively. The concentration of formaldehyde and TVOC decreased after 3 months, and the rate of TVOC exceeded the standard decreased from 76% to 0%. There was significant difference in the incidence of heterolith in subjective symptoms (P 0.01). Conclusion this study found that the pollution level of TVOC caused by decoration has decreased, but indoor formaldehyde pollution is still serious and widespread after decoration, the main cause of pollution lies in the use of unqualified plates. The incidence of eye and upper respiratory irritation in newly decorated houses increased.
【作者单位】：复旦大学公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室复旦大学公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室复旦大学公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室复旦大学公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室复旦大学公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室
【分类号】：X51

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