徽派古民居装饰艺术的表征及延展性开发

发布时间：2018-08-23 09:52

【摘要】： 徽派古民居的形成,有着不同社会背景和人文因素以及其它各个门类的思想和艺术相互的作用。古代中原地区每一次较大战乱,都促使中原人口南逃。徽州峰峦掩映,是南迁人口避难的理想之境。由于山区贫瘠,人口增加,徽州人不得不“寄命于商”。从明代中期开始,徽商成为称雄于江南的一大商帮。丰厚的商业利润,逐渐使徽州呈现出“江南称饶，，首推新安”的富庶景象,大量财富被用于家园建设上。徽商“贾而好儒”,明清两朝的徽州馆塾、斋舍、书院,大多由商人出资兴建或重修。徽派建筑艺术以雕刻为特色,装饰艺术协调而和谐。徽商要求装饰华丽,使得徽派雕刻艺术在徽州建筑装饰中得到广泛应用发展。形成一种优美典雅的装饰风格。粉墙黛瓦、马头墙、四水归堂之天井规划、徽州三雕、建筑彩绘等等,这些装饰元素的内涵在徽派传统建筑装饰艺术中大都隐含着人们对宗教的信仰和生存观以及企盼吉祥生活、家业兴旺的美好愿望。是对和平发展的衷心祝福,是创造美好未来的象征。在徽州古民居装饰艺术逐渐形成的过程中,除了受到整个社会大背景和人文因素外,同时还受到徽州区域内其他艺术门类的影响,比如各个画派的对徽州古民居装饰艺术的影响。徽派古民居的形成是徽州地区和整个中华民族艺术和文化的璀璨结晶,但现代社会经济的高速发展势必会对古老文化形成冲击。在人们逐渐认识到民族的文化是国家和社会的根基时,徽派古民居装饰艺术的保护开发就显得尤为重要了。如何使徽派古民居装饰艺术显示出历史遗留实物以外的现实性是摆在我们面前的重要课题,我们必须从徽州古民居的历史延续性、文化的包容性、文化内涵的辐射性、艺术的启示性等方面深刻研究徽派古民居装饰艺术的保护与开发。不能仅从外形上进行描摹复古。我们要从徽派古民居装饰艺术中“形”的衍生运用和“意”的延伸上进行开发。从而衍生出新的带有徽派装饰意味的产品,为当时代快速发展的中国建筑艺术和本土文化服务论文通过对徽派古民居装饰艺术的研究,提高了对徽派古民居装饰艺术的认识,目的是使更多的人群关注徽派古民居以及徽派古民居的艺术内涵,使本土文化中独特的艺术形式走出局域的限制而得到发展与应用。本文通过对徽派古民居装饰艺术各个方面的文字资料的查询与整理,通过对徽州古民居的实地考察与记录的研究方法,加深了对徽派古民居装饰艺术的各个方面的认识。论文在系统整理与认识的基础上充分融入地方艺术面临的实际问题进行针对性的延展与开发,取得了一定成果。论文取得的成果对徽派古民居装饰艺术的保护与发展有着启示作用。
[Abstract]:The formation of Huizhou ancient folk houses has different social background and humanistic factors, as well as the interaction of different kinds of ideas and arts. Each great war in the ancient Central Plains prompted the Central Plains population to flee south. Huizhou peak range masked, is the south migration population asylum ideal environment. Due to the barren mountains and the increase in population, Huizhou people had to "place their orders on business." From the middle of the Ming Dynasty, Huizhou merchants became a major business group in the south of the Yangtze River. Rich commercial profits gradually made Huizhou "Jiangnan Rao, the first new security" rich scene, a large amount of wealth was used for home construction. Huizhou merchants "Jia and good Confucianism", the Ming and Qing dynasties Huizhou Shuk, Zhai, Academy, mostly funded by merchants to build or rebuild. Huizhou architectural art is characterized by sculpture, and the decorative art is harmonious and harmonious. Huizhou merchants demanded ornate decoration, which made Huizhou carving art widely used in Huizhou architectural decoration. Form a beautiful and elegant decorative style. Diwa, Ma Tou wall, courtyard planning of Sishui Guitang, Huizhou three carvings, architectural painting, etc. Most of the connotations of these decorative elements in the traditional architectural decoration art of Huizhou school imply people's belief in religion and their outlook on survival as well as their good wishes for auspicious life and prosperity of the family industry. It is a hearty blessing for peace and development and a symbol of a better future. In the course of the gradual formation of the decorative art of ancient residential houses in Huizhou, in addition to the whole social background and humanistic factors, it was also influenced by other art categories in Huizhou. For example, the influence of various painting schools on the decorative art of Huizhou ancient houses. The formation of Huizhou ancient folk houses is a brilliant crystallization of the art and culture of the whole Chinese nation in Huizhou area, but the rapid development of modern society and economy is bound to form an impact on the ancient culture. When people gradually realize that the national culture is the foundation of the country and society, it is particularly important to protect and develop the decorative art of Huizhou ancient houses. How to make the decoration art of Huizhou ancient folk houses show the reality other than the objects left over from history is an important subject in front of us. We must start with the historical continuity, the inclusiveness of culture and the radiation of cultural connotation. The enlightenment of art deeply studies the protection and development of the decoration art of Huizhou ancient houses. Can not only from the shape of the retro. We should develop the "shape" and the extension of "meaning" in the decoration art of the ancient folk houses of Huizhou School. As a result, a new product with the decoration of the Huizhou School is derived, and the paper studies the decorative art of the ancient houses of the Huizhou School through the research of the art of decoration of the ancient houses of Huizhou School, for the rapid development of the Chinese architectural art and the local culture. The purpose of this paper is to make more people pay attention to the ancient Huizhou houses and their artistic connotation, and to make the unique art forms in the local culture develop and apply out of the limits of the local areas, so as to improve the understanding of the decorative art of the ancient folk houses of the Huizhou School, so as to make more people pay attention to the artistic connotations of the ancient houses of the Hui School. In this paper, through the inquiry and arrangement of the characters in all aspects of the decoration art of the ancient houses of Huizhou, and through the field investigation and the research method of the records of the ancient houses of Huizhou, the author deepens the understanding of all aspects of the decorative art of the ancient houses of Huizhou. On the basis of systematic arrangement and understanding, the paper fully integrates the actual problems of local art to extend and develop pertinently, and some achievements have been made. The achievements of this paper have enlightening effect on the protection and development of the decoration art of Huizhou ancient houses.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：TU-86

【参考文献】