装修后室内苯系物（苯、甲苯和二甲苯）的污染特征研究
发布时间：2018-10-12 14:43
【摘要】：当前,在众多使室内空气污染的挥发性有机气体中,甲醛和苯系物污染是造成室内污染的主要两方面。近年来,人们对室内甲醛的认识越来越多,且越来越重视,而对苯系物污染则关注较少。因此迫切需要对室内苯系物污染的来源、释放规律、影响因素以及控制方案等进行深入的研究。本文的研究思路为:室内苯系物污染现状分析——室内苯系物释放规律及其影响因素研究——室内苯系物控制方法对比——室内苯系物控制方案制定。本文首先运用文献法,对苯系物的性质、危害、来源、释放规律及控制方法等进行整理归纳。针对石家庄市近两年新装修房屋室内共100个苯系物数据进行了统计和分析,并对部分房屋进行了跟踪检测,得出石家庄市新装修房屋室内空气中苯系物的释放规律及影响因素。跟踪检测结果分析表明:1)在100个新装修住宅样品中,苯系物超标接近二分之一,其中,甲苯、二甲苯的超标率分别为14%、28%,苯超标不是特别普遍,超标率约为3%,但由于苯系物可造成人体极强的危害,依然应对其引起重视;2)新装修后房屋室内空气中的苯系物浓度随时间的推移逐渐下降,由于其来源主要是涂敷在装修材料表面的油漆和涂料,因此无长期释放性,一般3个月即可释放完全;3)随着温度的升高,苯及苯系物的释放速率也逐渐增大,二者呈现出正相相关性;4)室内装饰材料负载量也是苯系物污染物散发速率的决定因素之一;5)加强空气流通可以在一定程度上加快苯系物的释放,但其作用只在一定程度上实现,并不是流量越大越好;本文还通过个案法和实验对比法,提出针对石家庄市居民室内装修苯系物污染控制的方案:1)经济型:空气流通法与绿色植物法联合控制;2)效果型:空气流通法、空气净化器、绿色植物法及活性炭吸附法联合控制;3)普及型:空气流通法、绿色植物法及活性炭吸附法联合控制。
[Abstract]:At present, formaldehyde and benzenes are the two main sources of indoor pollution among the volatile organic gases which pollute indoor air. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to indoor formaldehyde, while less attention has been paid to benzene pollution. Therefore, it is urgent to study the sources, release rules, influencing factors and control schemes of indoor benzene pollution. The research ideas of this paper are as follows: analysis of the present situation of indoor benzene series pollution, study on the release law of indoor benzene series and its influencing factors, comparison of indoor benzene series control methods and formulation of indoor benzene series control scheme. In this paper, the properties, hazards, sources, release rules and control methods of benzenes are summarized by means of literature. Based on the data of 100 benzene series in newly decorated houses in Shijiazhuang city in recent two years, the data of 100 benzene series in newly decorated houses were analyzed, and some houses were tracked and examined, and the release regularity and influencing factors of benzene series in indoor air of newly decorated houses in Shijiazhuang City were obtained. The results showed that: 1) in 100 newly decorated residential samples, the benzene series exceeded the standard by nearly 1/2, among which, the exceeding rates of toluene and xylene were 14% and 28%, respectively, and the benzene exceeding standard was not particularly common. The rate of exceeding the standard is about 3%, but the concentration of benzene series in the indoor air of the newly decorated houses decreases gradually with the passage of time, because the benzene series can cause great harm to the human body. Because its source is mainly paint and paint coated on the surface of decoration materials, it can be released completely in 3 months without long-term release. 3) with the increase of temperature, the release rate of benzene and benzene compounds increases gradually. 4) the loading amount of indoor decoration materials is also one of the determinants of pollutant emission rate of benzene series, 5) enhanced air circulation can accelerate the release of benzene series to a certain extent, but its effect is only realized to a certain extent. It is not that the greater the flow, the better; this paper also through the case method and experimental comparison method, This paper puts forward a scheme to control the pollution of benzene series in the indoor decoration of Shijiazhuang: 1) economical type: combined control of air circulation method and green plant method; 2) effect type: air circulation method, air purifier, Combined control of green plant method and activated carbon adsorption method; 3) popular type: combined control of air circulation method, green plant method and activated carbon adsorption method.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X51;X799.1
本文编号：2266512
[Abstract]:At present, formaldehyde and benzenes are the two main sources of indoor pollution among the volatile organic gases which pollute indoor air. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to indoor formaldehyde, while less attention has been paid to benzene pollution. Therefore, it is urgent to study the sources, release rules, influencing factors and control schemes of indoor benzene pollution. The research ideas of this paper are as follows: analysis of the present situation of indoor benzene series pollution, study on the release law of indoor benzene series and its influencing factors, comparison of indoor benzene series control methods and formulation of indoor benzene series control scheme. In this paper, the properties, hazards, sources, release rules and control methods of benzenes are summarized by means of literature. Based on the data of 100 benzene series in newly decorated houses in Shijiazhuang city in recent two years, the data of 100 benzene series in newly decorated houses were analyzed, and some houses were tracked and examined, and the release regularity and influencing factors of benzene series in indoor air of newly decorated houses in Shijiazhuang City were obtained. The results showed that: 1) in 100 newly decorated residential samples, the benzene series exceeded the standard by nearly 1/2, among which, the exceeding rates of toluene and xylene were 14% and 28%, respectively, and the benzene exceeding standard was not particularly common. The rate of exceeding the standard is about 3%, but the concentration of benzene series in the indoor air of the newly decorated houses decreases gradually with the passage of time, because the benzene series can cause great harm to the human body. Because its source is mainly paint and paint coated on the surface of decoration materials, it can be released completely in 3 months without long-term release. 3) with the increase of temperature, the release rate of benzene and benzene compounds increases gradually. 4) the loading amount of indoor decoration materials is also one of the determinants of pollutant emission rate of benzene series, 5) enhanced air circulation can accelerate the release of benzene series to a certain extent, but its effect is only realized to a certain extent. It is not that the greater the flow, the better; this paper also through the case method and experimental comparison method, This paper puts forward a scheme to control the pollution of benzene series in the indoor decoration of Shijiazhuang: 1) economical type: combined control of air circulation method and green plant method; 2) effect type: air circulation method, air purifier, Combined control of green plant method and activated carbon adsorption method; 3) popular type: combined control of air circulation method, green plant method and activated carbon adsorption method.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X51;X799.1
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 李静;;儿童房装修污染现状及解决探究[J];内江科技;2011年06期
2 胡进福;;装修后室内空气中苯系物浓度监测及其污染防治[J];科技创新导报;2012年16期
，本文编号：2266512
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