清代金石题跋中的小楷观念
发布时间：2018-10-22 11:11
【摘要】：清初小楷书家受晚明变革书风、“赵、董”书风的影响,以魏晋小楷为宗,推崇魏晋“神明”。这种“神明”是建立在一定的法度之上,清初大部分小楷呈现出以唐法运魏晋的小楷面貌。受“赵、董”书风影响,清初部分小楷书家以魏晋小楷为底,掺杂行书笔意。雍正至道光年间,在金石学影响下书家对法帖的真赝、优劣格外注重,致使魏晋小楷法帖成为金石家所质疑、批评的对象。唐楷由于法度森严可上溯魏晋的缘故,成为清代中期小楷书家直接取法的对象。同时篆隶书大兴,使清代小楷书家受篆隶影响,注重以“悬臂”运全身之力于笔端,突出表现小楷的笔力与前代书家拉开了距离。咸丰以后,书家多以雄浑、阳刚为美,小楷亦受此影响,追求质朴、力厚、阳刚之美,一改清代中期以来的唐碑楷法入小楷,转而为以北碑楷法入小楷。在碑学观念的强势影响下,盛行已久的馆阁书风也有所改变。综合而言,清代小楷发展历史脉络在金石题跋中反应的较为清楚。行草法或由“赵、董”法入小楷为清早期小楷特征;以唐楷楷法入小楷为清中期小楷特征;碑法入小楷则为清晚期小楷的一大创造。
[Abstract]:In the early Qing Dynasty, Xiao Kai calligrapher was influenced by the style of the late Ming Dynasty, Zhao, Dong, and regarded the Wei and Jin dynasties as "gods". This kind of "deity" is based on certain laws. In the early Qing Dynasty, most of the block letters presented the features of Tang, France, Wei and Jin dynasties. By "Zhao, Dong" book style, the early Qing Dynasty part of the small script to Wei and Jin small block for the background, mixed with the meaning of writing. During the period from Yongzheng to Daoguang, the calligraphers paid special attention to the truth of the French placards under the influence of the goldstone science, which led to the small block letters of Wei and Jin dynasties being questioned and criticized by the goldsmiths. Tang Kai, due to the strict law can be traced back to Wei and Jin, became the object of the law taken directly by the calligraphers in the middle of Qing Dynasty. At the same time, the official seal script became popular, so that the calligraphers of the Qing Dynasty were influenced by the seal script, and paid attention to carrying the whole body with the "cantilever" in the pen end, which highlighted the pen strength of the small block letters and opened the distance between the former calligraphers and the writers of the previous generation. After Xianfeng, the calligraphers were more powerful, masculine for the United States, small block also affected by this, the pursuit of simplicity, force thick, the beauty of Yang Gang, a reform of the Tang Dynasty since the middle of the Qing Dynasty into small block letters, to the north block law into small block letters. Under the strong influence of the concept of tablet study, the prevailing style of pavilions has also changed. To sum up, the historical context of the development of Xiaokai in Qing Dynasty was clearly reflected in the inscriptions of Jinshi. From "Zhao, Dong" to Xiaokai, it is characterized by early Qing Dynasty; by Tang Dynasty, it is the middle of Qing Dynasty; and by tablet method, it is a great creation of late Qing Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：J292.1
[Abstract]:In the early Qing Dynasty, Xiao Kai calligrapher was influenced by the style of the late Ming Dynasty, Zhao, Dong, and regarded the Wei and Jin dynasties as "gods". This kind of "deity" is based on certain laws. In the early Qing Dynasty, most of the block letters presented the features of Tang, France, Wei and Jin dynasties. By "Zhao, Dong" book style, the early Qing Dynasty part of the small script to Wei and Jin small block for the background, mixed with the meaning of writing. During the period from Yongzheng to Daoguang, the calligraphers paid special attention to the truth of the French placards under the influence of the goldstone science, which led to the small block letters of Wei and Jin dynasties being questioned and criticized by the goldsmiths. Tang Kai, due to the strict law can be traced back to Wei and Jin, became the object of the law taken directly by the calligraphers in the middle of Qing Dynasty. At the same time, the official seal script became popular, so that the calligraphers of the Qing Dynasty were influenced by the seal script, and paid attention to carrying the whole body with the "cantilever" in the pen end, which highlighted the pen strength of the small block letters and opened the distance between the former calligraphers and the writers of the previous generation. After Xianfeng, the calligraphers were more powerful, masculine for the United States, small block also affected by this, the pursuit of simplicity, force thick, the beauty of Yang Gang, a reform of the Tang Dynasty since the middle of the Qing Dynasty into small block letters, to the north block law into small block letters. Under the strong influence of the concept of tablet study, the prevailing style of pavilions has also changed. To sum up, the historical context of the development of Xiaokai in Qing Dynasty was clearly reflected in the inscriptions of Jinshi. From "Zhao, Dong" to Xiaokai, it is characterized by early Qing Dynasty; by Tang Dynasty, it is the middle of Qing Dynasty; and by tablet method, it is a great creation of late Qing Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：J292.1
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