从茅盾早期翻译作品（1917-1927）看中国五四翻译文学的政治文化特质：操纵理论视角

发布时间：2018-01-04 12:08

本文关键词：从茅盾早期翻译作品（1917-1927）看中国五四翻译文学的政治文化特质：操纵理论视角　出处：《中南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：五四运动时期(1917-1927),随着新文化启蒙思潮的推进,翻译活动在我国达到新的高潮,此时的学者大都身兼两职,既是文学创作者,也是翻译家。由于渴望推翻旧的文化和文学,建立新文化、新文学,而传统的中国文学不足以通过改革自救来实现新文化梦想,学者们把目光纷纷投向了英、法、俄及匈牙利、葡萄牙等国来寻求文学途径,翻译文学成为了联系文艺和个人政治理想的桥梁。茅盾(沈雁冰)是五四新文化运动时期身兼创作者和翻译家双重身份的一位代表,积极倡导新文学,成为新文化运动坚实的推动者和实践者。1916年,茅盾开始正式发表翻译作品,逐渐致力于世界弱小民族文学作品的翻译,主张忠实于原作的翻译,以《小说月报》等刊物为阵地,发表了一系列翻译作品和译学见解,成为著名的翻译家和卓越的翻译理论家。本文以勒弗菲尔的操纵理论和加布里埃尔.A.阿尔蒙德的“政治文化”概念为指导,结合五四运动时期茅盾的文学翻译活动,着眼于文学内部范畴和赞助人意识形态对翻译的要求、译者个人的意识形态对翻译各方面的抉择等诸多因素,探究了政治文化观是如何影响五四运动时期的翻译文学活动,指出了该特定时期翻译文学活动中政治文化特征的各种表现形式。首先,作者系统介绍了五四运动时期翻译文学活动在各方面的具体表现：学者纷纷投入翻译事业,翻译作品在数量和质量上得到前所未有的提升,读者市场反应热烈,翻译方面的理论层出不穷,作者指出这些现象反映的是政治观念驱动的文化和文艺。然后,作者引入“文学操纵”以及“政治文化”这两个概念,从理论上分析了翻译文学和政治文化之间必然的联系。接着,作者从茅盾1917至1927五四运动这10年期间翻译的文学作品着手,分析了茅盾翻译活动的诸多特征,主要表现为：茅盾在“信、达、雅”传统翻译标准中坚持以“信”为中心的翻译标准,讲究单字翻译正确、句调精神相仿的翻译策略。分析发现茅盾的文化定位是趋政治性的,茅盾是带着强烈的文学使命和责任感从事文学作品的翻译工作的,其翻译活动的各个阶段是与社会的政治文化转型息息相关的。在前面三章的基础上,最后作者从意识形态、诗学和赞助人三个方面探讨政治文化对茅盾翻译活动的影响。意识形态的政治文化特征表现在茅盾坚持的翻译原则上：茅盾认为文学翻译带有必定的目的性,翻译是由不同意识形态糅合而产生的,是“神韵”兼具“形貌”的产物；诗学形态的政治文化特征表现为：在选材上,作者对于弱小民族现实主义文学作品的青睐。在文学语言上,表现为白话文在不同语言层次上的尝试；赞助人方面,作者主要选取了《小说月报》和《文学周刊》(《文学旬刊》、《文学》)茅盾翻译活动中所起的作用。包括其他种种杂志、期刊、报纸在内的出版物在翻译目的,翻译文学艺术性和大众接受性的取舍,促使翻译对于刊物主题响应这三方面反映着政治文化对翻译活动的影响。
[Abstract]:The May 4th Movement period (1917-1927), with the new cultural enlightenment to promote, translation activities reached a new climax in China, the scholars with two hats is a writer, and translator. Because of the desire to overthrow the old culture and literature, the establishment of a new culture, new literature and traditional literature to the China the reform of self-help to implement new culture dream, scholars have invested in English, Russian, and Hungary, Portugal and other countries to seek ways of literature, literary translation has become a bridge between art and personal political ideals.
Mao Dun (Shen Yanbing) is a representative of the 54 period of the new culture movement being both creators and translators, advocating new literature, become the new cultural movement of solid promoters and practitioners of.1916 years, Mao Dun officially published translations, gradually focused on the world of minorities to the translation of literary works, and faithful to the original translation. < > to novel monthly publications such as the position, published a series of works of translation and translation views, become a famous translator and excellent translation theorists.
Based on the manipulation theory and Gabriel.A. of Almond Lefevere's concept of "political culture" as the guide, combining the literary translation activities of Mao Dun the May 4th Movement period, focusing on the literature category and patronage ideology on translation, translators' personal consciousness forms on various aspects of the choice of translation factors, explores the political culture concept is how to effect of the May 4th Movement period of literary translation activities, pointed out the various forms of political and cultural characteristics of literary translation activities in the specific period.
First of all, the author introduces the concrete manifestation of literary translation activities in all aspects of the May 4th Movement period: scholars have put the career of translation, translation works have been hitherto unknown increase in quantity and quality, the reader market response, translation theory emerge in an endless stream, the author points out that these phenomena reflect the concept of political culture and art. Then drive the author introduces, "manipulation of literature" and "political culture" these two concepts, from the theoretical analysis of the relationship between translated literature and political culture. Then, author Mao Dun from 1917 to 1927 the May 4th Movement this 10 year period the translation of literary works to analyze various characteristics of Mao Dun's translation activities, mainly for Mao Dun: "in the letter, adhere to the" letter "as the center of the translation standards of elegance" of traditional translation standard, pay attention to the words right, similar to the spirit of intonation Analysis found that the cultural orientation of translation strategies. Mao Dun is more political, Mao Dun is with a strong sense of responsibility and mission of literature in the literary translation work, each stage of the translation is the transformation of political culture and society are closely related. Based on the above three chapters, the author from the ideology. Three aspects of poetics and to explore the influence of political culture on Mao Dun's translation activities. The characteristics of political culture ideology in the translation principle of Mao Dun insist on: Mao Dun thinks the literary translation with a purpose must, translation is produced by different blend of ideology, is the "charm" with "morphology" products; political culture performance of Poetics: in the selection, the author for the nation's favor. Realism works in the literary language, is the vernacular in different languages Try to word level; patronage, the author selected the novel monthly < > and < > literary weekly (< > > < junkan literature, literature) played by Mao Dun in the translation activities. Other periodicals include various magazines, newspapers, publications, in the purpose of translation, translation of literary art and public acceptance the choice to translation for publications in response to the three theme reflects the influence of political culture on translation activities.

【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H059;I046

【共引文献】