文学与政治的博弈——瞿秋白译介俄国马克思主义文学理论的纠结

发布时间：2018-01-14 19:35

本文关键词：文学与政治的博弈——瞿秋白译介俄国马克思主义文学理论的纠结　出处：《文史哲》2012年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：瞿秋白译介的俄国马克思主义文学理论,是马克思主义文学理论重要著作与经典文本由俄文向中文的直接翻译,很大程度上消除了马克思主义文学理论向中国传播初期"阐释文本的混杂"、"译介的双重间接"等不良倾向和影响,为中国现代文艺批评观念、原则和方法的确立直接提供了思想资源和理论范式。但在瞿秋白文艺大众化思路的总体框架中,他的编译式即"撰述"翻译方式却带有极大的政治功利性,是实现马克思主义文学理论中国化的便捷手法和现实策略。立足当时中国文坛,诉诸对俄文原著的"撰述",瞿秋白以现实主义取代自然主义并为其成功"正名",激烈批判普列汉诺夫文学理论,为确立以唯物辩证法为核心的现实主义扫清道路。瞿秋白熟谙俄国马克思主义文学理论的生成语境、实际效用、评价嬗变,策略性引入适合中国需要的俄国马克思主义文学理论,注重对其改造,使其在中国的革命中发挥了很大的政治作用,他密切关注俄苏文坛、理论界、政治界的最新动向,灵活采用消息报道、理论阐释、思想溯源等多种形式,在中国语境内对其适时调整,以实现理论资源与中国现实语境的对接与平衡。瞿秋白更多地是从现实政治层面而非学术思想视域面对俄国马克思主义文学理论,阶段性的现实逻辑、动态式的政治倾向居主导地位,这样就容易生出影响与接受、紧随与自创的二元对立式焦虑。这体现了瞿秋白作为政治家的理论家和作为文学家的理论家之间的深刻矛盾,也反映了他"半政治家"、"半知识分子"的特殊身份及其人格的分裂。
[Abstract]:Qu Qiubai Marx's translation of Russian literary theory, literary theory is Marx's important works and classical text directly from the Russian to Chinese translation, largely eliminated Marx's literary theory to Chinese early dissemination of "hybrid" interpretation of the text, "double indirect translation" and other unhealthy tendencies and the impact of criticism concept Chinese modern art, principles and methods provide a direct ideological resource and theoretical paradigm. But in the overall framework of the popularization of literature and art thought of Qu Qiubai, his compilation is "pose" translation is a political utilitarian great, is to realize the convenient manipulation of Marx's literary theory China and realistic strategy. Based on the Chinese the literary world, appeal to the original Russian "writing", Qu Qiubai to replace realism and naturalism as its successful "name", a fierce critic of the Plekhanov literature In order to establish the theory with the materialist dialectics as the core of the realistic context. To clear the way, Marx Qu Qiubai is familiar with Russian literature practical utility, evaluation strategy evolution, the introduction of suitable Chinese to Russia Marx's literary theory, focusing on the transformation, which play a great role in the political China revolution he, pay close attention to Russian literary theorists, the latest trends in political circles, flexible news reports, theoretical explanation, thought and other forms, in the context of the Chinese timely adjust, to realize a balanced docking with the theoretical resources and China context. Qu Qiubai is more from the reality of politics non academic view with Russia Marx's literary theory, realistic logic stage, dynamic political orientation occupies the dominant position, so it is easy to produce influence and acceptance, followed by Two yuan to self creation is a kind of vertical anxiety. This reflects the deep contradiction between Qu Qiubai's theorist as a politician and theoretician as a writer. It also reflects his special status and split personality of "semi politician" and "half intellectual".

【作者单位】：湘潭大学文学与新闻学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“瞿秋白与俄国马克思主义文学理论关系研究”(09CZW004) 湖南省社会科学基金项目“瞿秋白与20世纪中国文艺理论”(11JD70)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：I206.6
【正文快照】： 20世纪前五十年,瞿秋白、鲁迅、冯雪峰、周扬等大批知识分子将俄国马克思主义文学理论广泛应用于中国文艺实践,快速推动了中国文学理论的所谓现代化进程。其中的瞿秋白对俄国马克思主义文学理论的译介,尤具复杂性,值得专门探讨。一、直接翻译:语言优势与文本策略瞿秋白翻译了

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