法国与美国的女性主义理论和身体

发布时间：2018-03-17 22:11

本文选题：法国女性主义理论　切入点：美国女性主义理论　出处：《陕西师范大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文主要探讨了法国与美国的女性主义理论和身体的关系。法国和美国的女性主义理论者都非常关注身体，身体与她们的女性主义理论关系极其密切，身体在她们的女性主义理论建构中发挥着重要的作用。本文分三部分论述：第一部分：研究法国的女性主义理论与身体的关系。本文认为，法国的三大女性主义者在构建自己的理论时都注重对身体的思考：露西·依利格瑞首先批判了弗洛依德等人的关于身体的论述，然后提倡在尊重女性的身体、两性差异的基础上建立女性的主体性以及平等、和谐、美满的两性关系；朱丽娅·克里斯蒂娃认为身体一直是被排斥在意义之外的能指符号，她试图把前俄狄普斯阶段的非确定的、混乱的、分裂的话语纳入到人类话语与语言的整体规划之中来构建自己的符号学理论；西苏提倡写作从身体中索取包括欲望、体验、内驱力等创作资源，并且把身体写作作为反男权、颠覆菲勒斯中心的巨大力量。第二部分：研究美国的女性主义理论与身体的关系。美国的女性主义者苏珊·古芭、吉尔博特、肖沃尔特认为，处于男权话语中的女性身体已经成为制约女性创作的严重桎梏，女性要进行自觉的文学创作就必须正确地认识自己的身体。肖沃尔特尤其强调了不能从两性的生理性征来观照两性的创作，真正的女性的创作内在地要求超越已有的男性创作模式和女性创作模式，内在地要求超越对身体的狭隘理解，寻求在文化的、社会的、心理的各个层面开拓广阔的女性创作空间的可能，从而为多样化的女性创作局面的形成在理论上疏通道路。第三部分：对于法国和美国的女性主义理论与身体关系的比较。相同点是：首先，身体进入到女性主义理论中是女性主义者的自觉行为；其次，强烈的批判意识、反思精神以及从解构菲勒斯中心到建构女性的主体性的努力。不同点是：法国女性主义理论中对身体的思考在较抽象的哲学、语言学以及创作理论中深入拓展，她们擅长从哲思层面给人以智性的启迪；美国的女性主义理论中对身体的研究更紧密地贴近现实和创作实践，，她们擅长以形象化的方式来考察女性的身体以及女性的社会历史处境。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly discusses the relationship between French and American feminist theory and body. Both French and American feminist theorists pay close attention to the body, and the body is closely related to their feminist theory. The body plays an important role in the construction of their feminist theory. The first part: the study of the relationship between French feminist theory and body. All three of France's great feminists have focused on the body when they build their own theories: Lucy Irigri first criticizes Freud and others about the body, and then advocates respect for the female body. On the basis of gender differences, women's subjectivity and equality, harmony, and happy gender relations are built; Julia Cristeva believes that the body has always been the signifier that is excluded from the meaning. She tried to build her own semiotic theory by incorporating the uncertain, chaotic, divisive discourse of the pre-Oedipus period into the overall planning of human discourse and language; Internal drive and other creative resources, and body writing as an anti-male power, subvert the center of Philus a huge force. The second part: the study of the relationship between feminist theory and body in the United States. American feminists Susan Gubba, Gilbert and ShawWalter believe that the female body in the male-dominated discourse has become a serious shackle that restricts the creation of women. If a woman wants to make a conscious literary creation, she must correctly understand her own body. Xiao Walter stressed in particular that the creation of both sexes should not be viewed from the perspective of the physiological characteristics of the two sexes. The creation of real women requires to transcend the existing male and female creation modes, and to transcend the narrow understanding of the body, to seek the cultural and social, All levels of psychology open up the possibility of broad female creative space, thus clearing the way for the formation of diversified female creation situation. The third part: the comparison between French and American feminist theory and body relationship. The similarities are: first, the body entering into the feminist theory is the feminist conscious behavior; secondly, the strong critical consciousness. Rethinking spirit and efforts to deconstruct the center of Philus to construct the subjectivity of women. The difference is that the thinking of body in French feminist theory has been expanded in more abstract philosophy, linguistics and creative theory. They are good at giving people intellectual enlightenment from the philosophical level; the study of body in American feminist theory is closer to reality and creative practice. They are good at visualizing women's bodies and women's social and historical situation.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：I0-03

【引证文献】