中英文学语篇主位及主位推进模式的对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 00:14

本文选题：主位理论　切入点：主位推进　出处：《扬州大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文以系统功能语言学家Halliday的主位理论以及朱永生提出的四种基本主位推进模式作为理论框架,以海明威的《老人与海》及其吴劳翻译的中文译本为语料进行对比研究,旨在了解主位和主位推进模式在中英文学语篇中的分布特点和选择异同,并试图探讨造成这些相似和差异选择的潜在原因。主位和主位推进模式与语篇体裁息息相关,为保证研究结果的客观准确,本文只选用了小说最具代表性的叙事语篇作为语料进行分析。通过统计数据,归纳分析,总结出中英语篇中主位和主位推进模式的选择分布特点及其异同,并探讨了造成其异同的相关潜在因素。研究结果总结如下: 1.在中英小说的叙事语篇中,非标记性主位都远多于标记性主位,但标记性主位在中文语篇中的出现频率高于英文。两个版本中,主位都多为有生命的人或动物充当,同时发现,多重主位中的人际主位所占比例都微乎其微,基本不存在。就语篇主位而言,英文中的使用率远超过中文。尽管零主位在中英版本中都有使用,但在中文语篇中的出现频率要高于英文。 2.主位推进模式在中英小说叙事语篇中的选择和分布都很接近。根据朱永生提出的四种基本模式,平行型使用率最高,紧接着是延续型,而集中型都少有使用。此外,小句之间不使用主位推进模式,即“零模式”在中英语篇中都有出现,但在中文中的使用频率略高,而英文语篇中的交叉型比例高于中文。 3.主位及主位推进模式在《老人与海》中英版本中选择的相似性主要与语篇体裁,作者的写作风格以及对小说主人公性格特征的刻画相关。有生命的人或动物充当的非标记性主位的大量使用是为了告诉读者主人公的遭遇,这也突显了叙事语篇的特点及作者简约质朴的写作风格;平行型模式的采用有利于刻画出老人钢铁般的意志和他内心的孤独;延续型模式使小说情节得以进展;而人际主位的较少使用同样突出了海明威简单自然的冰山风格。 4.中英语篇在主位及主位推进模式选择和分布的差异主要受英文和中文各自语型特点的影响。英语属于一种形合的语言,结构严密,所以较多使用语篇主位使句子和段落完整;汉语则是一种意合的语言,结构灵活,意思更依赖于语境,所以零主位和零模式出现频率更高。就句式而言,英文句式多为由左向右扩展,状语从句和介词短语多位于句末,而中文句式多为由右向左扩展,状语从句和介词短语多位于句首,这些特点决定了中文语篇中的标记性主位要多于英文语篇的现象。本文的研究对提高英语教学也有实践意义。主位及其主位推进模式的相关知识为全面深刻地理解文学作品提供了新的视角,也能加深对中外文学作品的赏析。此外,这方面知识对外语教学,特别对目标语学习者的读,写,译等各方面技能的提高也有借鉴意义。对语篇体裁、语型差异的认识也有助于学习者克服负迁移,促进正迁移,更好地提高跨文化交际的能力。
[Abstract]:This paper based on the thematic theory of systemic functional linguistics, Halliday and Zhu Yongsheng's four basic patterns of thematic progression as the theoretical framework, in "the old man and the sea by Hemingway and Wu Chinese translation versions as the corpus for comparative study, in order to understand the theme and thematic promotion model English distribution characteristics and the choice of language differences in the article, and attempts to explore the underlying causes of these similarities and differences in the choice.
Theme and thematic progression patterns and genre are closely related, in order to ensure the accurate results, this paper selects the narrative discourse of the most representative novels as the corpus analysis. By statistical analysis, inductive analysis, summed up in the English text and thematic promotion mode selection of distribution the similarities and differences, and to explore the underlying factors responsible for the differences.
The results of the study are summarized as follows:
In the 1. English novels in narrative discourse, unmarked themes are far more marked themes, but marked themes appear in the text of the Chinese frequency is higher than two. English version, themes for human or animal life. At the same time, have very little multiple the main position in the interpersonaltheme proportion, basically does not exist. The textual themes, the use of English rate in far more than Chinese. Although zero themes in Chinese and English versions are used, but in Chinese discourse is higher than that of the English.
2. patterns of thematic progression in English and Chinese narrative discourse in the selection and distribution are very close. Four patterns proposed by Zhu Yongsheng, in parallel with the highest utilization rate, followed by a continuous type and concentration are seldom used. In addition, between sentences without the use of thematic progression patterns, namely "zero mode" in Chinese and English discourse have appeared, but the frequency of use in Chinese in slightly higher, while the proportion of cross English in discourse is higher than that of Chinese.
3. themes and thematic progression patterns in "the old man and the sea in the English version of the main similarity and genre, the author's writing style and the portrayal of the character in his novels. The public life of human or animal as the unmarked theme is widely used to tell the reader the protagonist's experience, it also highlights the characteristics of a narrative text and the plain style of writing; the parallel pattern helps to depict the old iron will and his inner loneliness; continuation pattern to make the plot progress; and the interpersonaltheme less Hemingway also highlighted the simple nature iceberg style.
Influence of English Discourse in 4. themes and thematic progression patterns and distribution differences mainly affected by the English and Chinese their language characteristics. English is a kind of network language, the structure is tight, so the use of more textual themes to make complete sentences and paragraphs; Chinese is a paratactic language. Flexible structure, meaning depends on the context, so zero themes and the zero pattern of higher frequency. English sentence, sentence from left to right, the adverbial and prepositional phrases in the sentence, and the sentence from left to right Chinese extension, adverbial and prepositional phrases in a sentence, these characteristics determines the Chinese discourse marked themes than English discourse phenomenon.
This study also has practical significance for improving English teaching. The thematic and thematic progression related knowledge for comprehensive understanding of literary works provides a new perspective, but also can deepen the appreciation of Chinese and foreign literary works. In addition, the knowledge of foreign language teaching, especially the learning of the target language reading and writing also, a reference translation skills. All aspects of genre, understanding language differences also help learners overcome the negative transfer, positive transfer, improve the ability of intercultural communication.

【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：I106.4;I0-03

【参考文献】