从翻译适应选择论看《瓦尔登湖》汉译中译者的主体性

发布时间：2018-03-31 17:51

本文选题：翻译适应选择论　切入点：译者主体性　出处：《河南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：译者主体性是目前翻译研究的一个热点议题。虽有诸多著作论及译者主体性，但大都没有把译者行为及功能放在关注的焦点上，更没有系统论述译者是怎样以其“中心地位”主导翻译活动的，而且也没有将其提升到理论层次（胡庚申，2003:283-291）。认识到过分强调译者权力会放大译者对译文的操纵，过分关注其他制约因素似乎又偏离了研究的初衷，胡庚申在达尔文“适应选择论”的基础上提出了翻译适应选择论，并把翻译定义为“译者适应翻译生态环境的选择活动”（2004:220-221）。徐迟是著名的诗人、散文家、“报告文学之父”，亦是一位硕果累累的翻译家。在中西文化激烈碰撞、中国社会思想体系发生重大变革的特殊历史时期，他不仅创作而且翻译了大量的文学作品(刘爱华，2011)。本文从翻译适应选择论的视角出发，以徐迟版瓦尔登湖为例，分析徐迟如何通过他的选择和适应来体现其主体性。选择该译本的原因首先在于该译本在众多版本中最为受欢迎，我国知识界和读者大多是通过徐迟了解了梭罗及其瓦尔登湖（徐鲁，1995:42）；第二，译者在1949年首次翻译瓦尔登湖之后又先后在1982年和1993年细加修订了两次，译者的每一次修订无不体现出其对翻译生态环境的选择和适应。鉴于此，本文作者把徐迟对瓦尔登湖的整个翻译过程划分为源文本选择阶段，翻译阶段和修订阶段，并应用胡庚申的翻译适应选择论探讨译者在不同阶段的主体性，旨在指出他在源文本选择阶段的主体性体现在他选择译本时面对内外部需求所作出的适应和选择—即对自己心理生态环境（徐迟的个人兴趣和双语双文化能力），和外在社会文化环境（出版商及文学发展的需要）的适应和选择；在翻译阶段，其主体性主要体现在翻译过程中他对文化维，交际维，语言维的多维度适应和适应性选择，及对所采取的不同的翻译策略的适应和选择之中；在修订阶段，其主体性体现在他对能动的翻译生态环境及自我心理生态环境的主动性适应和选择之中。本文的研究意义体现在以下两个方面：第一，以翻译适应选择论为理论框架讨论译者主体性，为该论题的研究提供了一个新的研究视角；第二，本文对徐迟《瓦尔登湖》翻译过程的研究，，在一定程度上证明了从翻译适应选择角度可以很好地解释译者主体性，也使我们对徐迟的翻译有了更深的理解。
[Abstract]:Translator subjectivity is a hot topic in translation studies.Although there are many works on the translator's subjectivity, most of them do not focus on the translator's behavior and function, let alone systematically discuss how the translator dominates translation activities with his "central position".And also did not elevate it to the theoretical level (Hu Gengshen / 2003 / 283-291).Recognizing that too much emphasis on the translator's power will amplify the translator's manipulation of the target text, and that paying too much attention to other constraints seems to deviate from the original intention of the study, Hu Gengshen puts forward the theory of translation adaptation choice on the basis of Darwin's adaptation Choice Theory.Translation is defined as "the translator's choice to adapt to the ecological environment of translation" (2004: 220-221).Xu Chi is a famous poet, essayist, father of reportage and a fruitful translator.In the special historical period when the Chinese and Western cultures collided violently and the Chinese social ideological system changed greatly, he not only created but also translated a large number of literary works (Liu Ai-heng, 2011).The first reason for choosing this version is that it is the most popular among the many editions. Most of our intellectuals and readers have learned about Thoreau and his Walden Lake through Xu Chi (Xu Lu, 1995: 42; second,After the first translation of Walden Lake in 1949, the translator revised it twice in 1982 and 1993 respectively. Every revision of the translator reflects his choice and adaptation to the translation ecological environment.In view of this, the author divides Xu Chi's translation of Walden Lake into three stages: the source text selection stage, the translation stage and the revision stage, and applies Hu Gengshen's translation adaptation selection theory to explore the subjectivity of the translator at different stages.The purpose of this paper is to point out that his subjectivity in the stage of source text selection is embodied in the adaptation and choice he made in the face of internal and external needs when he chooses the translation-that is, his personal interest in his own psychological ecological environment (Xu Chi's personal interest and bilingual and bi-cultural ability).Adaptation and choice of external social and cultural environment (publishers and literary development needs);In the translation stage, his subjectivity is mainly embodied in his multi-dimensional adaptation and adaptation to the cultural, communicative and linguistic dimensions, as well as his adaptation and selection of different translation strategies in the process of translation.His subjectivity is embodied in his initiative adaptation and choice to the dynamic translation ecological environment and his own psychological ecological environment.The research significance of this thesis lies in the following two aspects: first, the translator's subjectivity is discussed within the framework of translation adaptation choice theory, which provides a new perspective for the study of this topic.The present study of the translation process of Xu Chi's Walden Lake proves to a certain extent that the translator's subjectivity can be well explained from the perspective of translation adaptation, and that we have a deeper understanding of the translation of Xu Chi.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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