中国古代文人审美人格之“狂”、“狷”、“逸”探析

发布时间：2018-04-29 08:33

本文选题：审美人格 + 狂　；参考：《西北民族大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：以往对于人格的研究,往往从心理学和教育学发端,研究健康人格和审美教育对人格培养的作用,而从美学的角度并结合中国美学史的具体土壤来研究审美人格的相对较少。审美人格是人格发展的较高层次,是按照美的规律来塑造的人格。审美人格既具理想性,又有现实性,它能使人格得到全面自由的发展,是当代人格建构的必然选择。中国美学史以培养人格为旨归,具有丰富的审美人格思想。“狂”、“狷”、“逸”这三种既偏异端而又独具审美内核的人格,彰显着文人的个性,表露出文人的真性情,表现了他们对自由的追求与向往,激荡着独特的人格魅力,在中国美学史上大放异彩。文章选取这三种有代表性的审美人格做简单探讨,力求对整个中国古典美学作纵向的梳理和概览。狂者高蹈进取、仗义执言、志行不掩,具有强烈的进取心和社会责任感,极富进取精神和异端精神,激发强烈的主体意识,狂傲不拘,形成一种狂飙激荡式的艺术风格和人格境界。狷者有所不为、特立独行、不同流俗,在浊世中能保持自己高洁耿直的人格,具有一种孤高耿直、纯朴自然的美,是一种率真纯洁的本真人格。狷者在仁义规范之下弘扬个体生命的华彩,在儒道之间开拓新的审美空间。逸士超然物外、遗世独立、天地同游,他们面对异化的现实,隐身山林田园之间,在人与自然的交流中进行审美活动,体认生命的大道,达到无拘无束、无系无缚、自由豁达的精神境界,进入身心合一的审美境界。这三种人格是对儒家中行人格的一种反叛和补充,在中国传统儒释道的人格设计中呈现出复杂并济的人格态势。
[Abstract]:In the past, the study of personality often started from psychology and pedagogy, and studied the function of healthy personality and aesthetic education on the cultivation of personality. However, from the perspective of aesthetics and combining with the specific soil of Chinese aesthetic history, the study of aesthetic personality is relatively less. Aesthetic personality is the higher level of personality development, is according to the law of beauty to shape the personality. Aesthetic personality is not only ideal but also realistic. It can make personality develop completely and freely, and it is the inevitable choice of contemporary personality construction. The history of Chinese aesthetics aims at cultivating personality and has rich thoughts of aesthetic personality. These three kinds of personality, which are both heresy and unique aesthetic core, show the literati's personality, reveal their true temperament, express their pursuit and yearning for freedom, and excite their unique personality charm. Great splendor in the history of Chinese aesthetics. This article selects these three kinds of representative aesthetic personality to do the simple discussion, strives to make the longitudinal comb and the overview to the entire Chinese classical esthetics. The crazy people are highly enterprising, unrepentant, determined to act, have a strong sense of enterprise and social responsibility, are full of enterprising spirit and heresy spirit, stimulate a strong sense of subject, arrogant and informal, Form a violent style of art and personality. It is a kind of pure and pure personality that can maintain its own high-clean and straight personality in the turbid world. Under the norm of benevolence and righteousness, the Kong-man carries forward the splendor of individual life and opens up a new aesthetic space between Confucianism and Taoism. They face the reality of alienation, stealthily engage in aesthetic activities in the exchange between man and nature, realize the main road of life, and reach unfettered, unfettered. Free and open-minded spiritual realm, into the aesthetic realm of physical and mental unity. These three kinds of personality are a kind of rebellion and supplement to the personality of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and present a complex and economic personality situation in the personality design of Chinese traditional Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism.
【学位授予单位】：西北民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I01

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