公安派世俗美学思想研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 11:00

本文选题：晚明 + 公安派　；参考：《华中师范大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：公安派是在晚明起过重要作用的文学流派,其主要代表人物是袁宗道,袁宏道和袁中道兄弟,核心人物是袁宏道。因为三袁是湖北公安县人,所以时称“公安派”。公安派并不只是一个文学流派,它更多的是一个意气相许、性情相尚、志趣相投的文人集团,是融合了性情、学问、文学为一体的独特文化现象。本文重点分析了公安派的世俗化美学倾向,认为由佛道和狂禅精神支撑起来的世俗美学浸入到了三袁兄弟的文学创作和现实生活中,成为他们的内在精神和思维方式以及价值标准,是他们在现世红尘中进行一己性情自适的精神动力与理论支持,全文共三章。第一章详细论述了公安派世俗美学产生的社会政治尤其是思想文化背景,首先分析了晚明时期的士人心学以及由于心学的变异和狂禅的泛滥而引发的士人快乐哲学。心学从思想层面上重振了知识分子的恢宏士气,使他们的心灵世界和主体精神渐趋活泼高扬,而李贽以及袁宗道、袁宏道等人援禅入儒,对以心为体的心学、禅学进行了为他们所用的改造,发展成为一己逍遥、纵情任欲的士大夫禅学。与此同时,侈靡淫乐作为社会普遍风气深入到晚明士人的精神世界而变为人所共是的正常追求,在这样社会政治与思想文化的巨大变革中,晚明士子们从传统的伦理道德中解脱出来,逐渐放弃了对道德完善的追求,回归到个性生活和感情世界中,快乐原则成为日常生活中至高无上的生存原则。第二章是重点部分,主要分析了公安派的世俗化美学理论:第一节重点探讨了以公安派为首的“士”群体在晚明现实社会生活中所处的生存状态和精神风尚。心学的变异与禅学的世俗化形成一股巨大的合力,让身处其中的士子们随心适性、任我所为,表现在具体形态上则是纵情声色、放浪形骸、游戏人间;第二节集中分析公安派的文学创作,他们的不少作品中描摹世俗,渗透着晚明士人群体中特有的文化景观与欣赏品味,还将平民意识引入了长期担负着传道授业功能的正统文学中,市井风情、凡人细事、皆入图画。在创作上,逞才扬性、快意性灵、追求写诗作文的当下快感,不加掩藏地表达着自我感受与一真性灵,以及对色和欲的赤裸裸的表白和追求。语言上浅白俚俗,明白如话;第三节具体讲述了他们的文学欣赏观,注重俗文学作品中的娱乐
[Abstract]:The Public Security School is a literary school which played an important role in the late Ming Dynasty. Its main representative characters are Yuan Zongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zhongdao brothers, and the core character is Yuan Hongdao. Because three Yuan is Hubei Public Security County people, so when called the "Public Security School." The public security school is not only a literary school, but also a group of literati with mutual spirit, temperament and common interests. It is a unique cultural phenomenon that integrates temperament, learning and literature. This paper mainly analyzes the secularization aesthetic tendency of the police school, and holds that the secular aesthetics supported by Buddhism and the spirit of manic Zen is immersed in the literary creation and real life of the three Yuan brothers. To become their inner spirit, mode of thinking and value standard is their spiritual motive force and theoretical support for their own disposition in the present world. There are three chapters in this paper. The first chapter discusses the social politics, especially the ideological and cultural background of the secular aesthetics of the public security school in detail. Firstly, it analyzes the Scholars' psychology in the late Ming Dynasty and the Scholars' happy philosophy caused by the variation of the psychology and the flood of the mad Zen. Psychology reinvigorates the great morale of intellectuals from the ideological level, and makes their spiritual world and the spirit of the subject gradually become lively and exalted. However, Li Zhi, Yuan Zongdao, Yuan Hongdao and others have helped Zen into Confucianism, and they have taken the mind as the body to study the mind. Zen had been reformed for them and developed into a scholar and bureaucrat who was free and indulgent. At the same time, extravagance, as a general social atmosphere, went deep into the spiritual world of the scholars in the late Ming Dynasty and became the normal pursuit of all people. In such a great transformation of social politics and ideology and culture, In the late Ming Dynasty, the scholars freed themselves from the traditional ethics and gradually gave up the pursuit of moral perfection and returned to the personality life and the emotional world. The principle of happiness became the supreme principle of existence in daily life. The second chapter is the key part, mainly analyzes the secularization esthetics theory of the public security school: the first section mainly discusses the existence state and the spiritual fashion of the "scholar" group headed by the police school in the real social life of the late Ming Dynasty. The variation of mind and the secularization of Zen form a great joint force, so that the scholars who are in it will follow the mind and do whatever they want, and in the concrete form they will be in the form of indulgence, freedom, and the world of play; The second section focuses on the analysis of the literary creation of the Public Security School, many of which depict the secular and permeate the unique cultural landscape and appreciation taste of the intellectuals in the late Ming Dynasty. It also introduces the civilian consciousness into the orthodox literature with the function of preaching and teaching for a long time. In the creative aspect, the spirit of success and rapidity, the pursuit of the present pleasure of writing poetry composition, the expression of self feeling and a true spirit without hiding, as well as the naked expression and pursuit of color and desire. The third section describes their views of literary appreciation and lays stress on entertainment in popular literature works.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：I01

【引证文献】