大地艺术对美国“荒野精神”的反思

发布时间：2018-05-13 03:23

本文选题：大地艺术 + 艺术作品　；参考：《艺术百家》2012年03期

【摘要】：大地艺术(LandArt、EarthArt或Earthworks)产生于20世纪60年代末期的美国。除了对其时环保运动的呼应之外,它还具有某种属于美利坚民族文化和历史的连续性关系。其中之一就是长期以来蕴涵在美国人血脉之中的"荒野精神"。"荒野精神"至少留下两个方面的问题。一是一种无家可归的"乡愁"感;一是大量被人们遗弃的"荒野"地带。这两点成为大地艺术的两个生发点。其中,指向精神关怀的"乡愁"滋生出构筑一个新的适合于此在栖居的场所的意识;指向物质关怀的"荒野"则衍生出培植一种新的适宜于彼岸瞻仰的神圣的观念。大地艺术否定了美国浪漫主义对"完美自然"的苛求,并犀利地指出:荒野精神所遗存的"荒野",其根本原因在于人对自然的掠夺。无论是"乡愁"的产生,还是"荒野"的出现,都在于人类文明与自然荒野的对立,于是,以艺术来调和文明与荒野就成为大地艺术的主题。大地艺术将荒野重新纳入文明的进程,以文明修复荒野,甚至认为文明就在荒野中。这一艺术,冲出了美国的范围,成为一种崭新的全球艺术,其原因,就在于荒野精神,具有精神家园和环境保护的双重象征,具有全球的意义。
[Abstract]:LandArt (EarthArt or Earthworks) was born in the United States in the late 1960s. In addition to the response to its environmental movement, it has a continuous relationship that belongs to the American national culture and history. One of them is the "wilderness spirit" that has long been contained in the blood of the American people. There are two problems left. One is a homeless sense of homesickness; one is a "wilderness" zone abandoned by people. These two points become the two birth point of the earth art. Among them, the "nostalgia" that points to the spiritual care creates a new consciousness that is suitable for the dwelling place, and the "wilderness" of material care derives. The earth art denies American Romanticism's demanding of "perfect nature" and points out that the "wilderness" left by the wilderness spirit is the fundamental reason for the plunder of nature. The emergence of "nostalgia" or "wilderness" lies in human civilization and in human civilization. The opposition of natural wilderness, thus, the harmony of civilization and wilderness by art becomes the theme of the art of the earth. The earth art brings the wilderness into the process of civilization, the restoration of the wilderness with civilization, and even the civilization in the wilderness. This art has gone out of the scope of the United States and became a brand new global art, and its reason is the wilderness essence. God, a dual symbol of spiritual home and environmental protection, has global significance.

【作者单位】：武汉大学哲学学院;
【分类号】：J171.2

【参考文献】