弗洛伊德与文学批评

发布时间：2018-05-27 15:02

本文选题：弗洛伊德 + 精神分析学　；参考：《苏州大学》2008年博士论文

【摘要】： 弗洛伊德的精神分析思维兼有“科学性”与“艺术性”的特质,即使不考虑他的文学批评实绩,也可以从中发现精神分析学与文学批评的必然联系。《导论》重点阐明了这个道理;并交待了和这篇论文的研究有关的几个问题。第一章,精神分析的关键词研究。包括梦、潜意识、力比多、儿童、压抑、升华六个关键词。梦的形成机制理论及释梦方法给文学批评很多启示。潜意识中潜藏的不仅仅是性欲,它构成了人的思维活动的深广台基。对“力比多”的阐释集中体现了弗洛伊德的“二元论”与“冲突”理念,彰明了创造的原动力。与此相关的,人类文化创造与儿童期有重要关联,儿童性欲说是精神分析学的一大基石。“压抑”与生俱来,它的存在提供了力比多转向升华的契机。“升华”是力比多的失性欲化实现,升华的表现有很多,但弗洛伊德强调了其中的科学与艺术创造。系统理解精神分析学的关键词,是理解精神分析学的理论基础,也是理解精神分析与文学批评关系的理论前提。第二章,对作家的精神分析。包括“作家:常人与非常人之间”、“作家与性敏感”、“作家的幻想与自我分析”等三个部分的内容。是依据精神分析学而对创作家的精神特质与创作的心理机制作出的探讨;阐析作家人格与思想情感的复杂性,揭示作家的心理特质与创作的心理学意义。第三章,对文学内容的精神分析。有选择地阐述了“人物形象的心理分析法”、“俄狄浦斯情结”、“爱情题材上的精神分析”三个方面。其中涉及弗洛伊德关于三种人物性格及塑造技巧的精到分析,并含俄狄浦斯情结的形成、表现及其变种,爱情与尊严、题材与情感体现等内容。第四章,精神分析的批评方法与策略研究。有“在‘细枝末节’中发现问题”和“找到‘冲突’与‘情结’所在”、“叙事中的分析法”、“意象与象征中的蕴藏”、“以语词为单位的分析”五部分。是根据弗洛伊德的病例分析、理论阐述、文学批评及暗示做出的总结与运用,并探讨精神分析学运用于文学批评的可行性及在诸多方面的操作特征与要领。第五章,讨论中国对弗洛伊德学说的接受与“第二次弗洛伊德热”。简要回顾了弗洛伊德进入中国的历程,重点考察“第二次弗洛伊德热”,并主要分析了文学研究界弗洛伊德热的特征;粗略论及其后弗洛伊德学说运用与研究的“转型”现象;在考虑传统影响、现实因素和科学思维形成规律的基础上,分析了弗洛伊德与马克思在中国的第二次相遇,阐述此现象的理论启示意义。总之,全文将弗洛伊德的精神分析学与文学结合起来思考,系统地探讨弗洛伊德思想对于文学批评的有效性及运用要领。
[Abstract]:Freud's psychoanalytic thinking has both the characteristics of "scientific" and "artistic", even if he does not consider his achievements in literary criticism. It is also possible to find the inevitable connection between psychoanalysis and literary criticism. The introduction focuses on this truth and explains several problems related to the study of this paper. The first chapter, the key word research of psychoanalysis. Including dreams, subconscious, libido, children, repression, sublimation six keywords. The theory of the formation mechanism of dreams and the method of interpreting dreams give a lot of enlightenment to literary criticism. What is hidden in the subconscious mind is not only sexual desire, but also the deep and wide base of human thinking. The interpretation of libido embodies Freud's idea of dualism and conflict, and shows the motive force of creation. Related to this, human cultural creation is closely related to childhood, and child libido is one of the cornerstones of psychoanalysis. Repression is innate, and its existence provides an opportunity for libido to turn to sublimation. Sublimation is the realization of libido's delivification, and there are many manifestations of sublimation, but Freud emphasizes the creation of science and art. Systematic understanding of the key words of psychoanalysis is the theoretical basis of understanding psychoanalysis and the theoretical premise of understanding the relationship between psychoanalysis and literary criticism. The second chapter, the writer's psychoanalysis. It includes three parts: writer: between ordinary people and non-ordinary people, writer and sex sensitivity, writer's fantasy and self-analysis. It is based on psychoanalysis to probe into the spiritual characteristics and the psychological mechanism of creation, to expound the complexity of the writer's personality and thought and emotion, and to reveal the psychological significance of the writer's psychological trait and creation. The third chapter, the psychoanalysis of the content of literature. This paper selectively expounds three aspects: psychological analysis of characters, Oedipus complex and psychoanalysis of love subject matter. It involves Freud's analysis of the three characters' characters and techniques, including the formation, expression and variation of Oedipus complex, love and dignity, subject matter and emotional embodiment, etc. Chapter four, the critical methods and strategies of psychoanalysis. There are five parts: finding problems in detail and finding out where conflict is and complex, analysis in narration, hidden in image and symbol, and analysis in terms of words. It is a summary and application of Freud's case analysis, theoretical elaboration, literary criticism and implication, and discusses the feasibility of applying psychoanalysis to literary criticism and its operational characteristics and essentials in many aspects. Chapter five discusses China's acceptance of Freud and the second Freud fever. This paper briefly reviews the course of Freud's entry into China, focuses on the "second Freud fever", mainly analyzes the characteristics of Freud's fever in literary research circles, briefly discusses the "transition" phenomenon of Freud's theory application and research since then; On the basis of considering the influence of tradition, realistic factors and the law of the formation of scientific thinking, this paper analyzes the second encounter between Freud and Marx in China, and expounds the theoretical significance of this phenomenon. In a word, the thesis combines Freud's psychoanalysis with literature, and systematically discusses the validity and application of Freud's thoughts to literary criticism.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：I06

【引证文献】