互文理论与新历史主义文本观

发布时间：2018-06-03 20:29

本文选题：泛文本 + 互文理论　；参考：《兰州大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在结构主义与后结构主义影响下,“文本”范畴从狭义的语言文字文本发展至广义的泛文本。在此基础上,互文理论通过对间性的探索打破了传统的、封闭的、静态的文本观,将文本看成一个无限开放、动态发展的结构过程,集中体现了文本发生的无源性、文本存在的超链接性以及文本阐释的无限性。而新历史主义则是在文本间性的基础上,以文学与历史的关系为着眼点,通过考察“历史的文本性”和“文本的历史性”及二者之间的关系,揭示了文本网络结构中社会能量的流通和意识形态的作用过程。具体来看,互文理论和新历史主义中都贯穿了“间性”的思维意识,或者说它们恰恰是有关文本间性的两种理论和实践途径。本文一方面对互文理论和新历史主义文本观的特征进行了宏观的比较研究,详细考察了理论内容上从文本到泛文本的发展,形式方法上从阐释表意代码的相关性到探寻社会能量的流通性的转变以及理论功能方面从文本间性到文化诗学的深化;另一方面又通过阐释文学文本的实现过程对两种理论的研究实践进行了具体分析,分别以文学四要素为维度深刻揭示二者的相关性与差异性,文本层面体现为从文本网络的呈现到历史化阐释,主体层面是从作者群与读者群的交互构成到其对历史的参与,世界层面则是从文学史的建构到文本历史文化意义的追寻。由此可知,在文本之间平等对话、交互构成关系的基础上,互文理论始终以文本为出发点和落脚点,去探求此文本与彼文本的相关性,揭示其相互影响、彼此借鉴之处,从而构建起一个多维立体、无限开放的文本网络体系;而新历史主义则是在文本间性认识的基础上把文本的社会历史维度纳入研究视野,将文本各要素进行彻底的历史化,试图从更深层面上揭示表意实践过程中所暗含的社会能量的流通过程和意义实现过程中所承载的意识形态变化,或者可以将新历史主义的研究认为是对互文理论某一方面内容的延展,即对文学文本与社会历史文化文本之间间性关系的深层探索。在此基础上,对互文理论与新历史主义之文本观的比较还应该落实到具体的文本实例上,本文选取了两个文本群落即“大历史小写化”文本群和“小历史大写化”文本群。前者是对重要历史人物、事件、历史时代的非常规化、多元化、生活化的书写,以秦始皇文本群为例;后者是将民间的、复数的、多元的小历史纳入历史阐释的范畴,对平凡小人物在历史时代变迁中的生存状况和心路历程进行书写,二者都是阐释历史的重要方式。一方面这些文本在内容题材、形式方法以及主体接受过程中都存在明显的文本间性关系;另一方面,在这些相关历史的互文本中,又由于不同的社会历史文化语境而具有各自的历史具体性,其中包含着社会权力话语和意识形态等的影响。所以互文理论更多地强调文本本身的阐释、接受,而新历史主义研究看重的是此文本与其它社会文化文本之间的关系,它要发掘文本互文现象背后所蕴藏的社会历史内涵。互文理论为我们建构起一个巨大复杂的文本网络,而新历史主义则是揭示文本间动态交构的社会历史动因,前者是横向联结、客观呈现,后者则更多的是纵向考察、深入发掘。总之,互文理论为新历史主义研究提供了间性的思维方式和开放的文本观念,而新历史主义又将文本间性的理论引申至社会历史文化领域,很大程度上丰富了互文理论,因此二者既是联系的又是差异的,既是继承的又是发展的。与此同时,二者也共同丰富完善了文本理论及其实践研究。
[Abstract]:Under the influence of structuralism and post structuralism, the category of "text" develops from the narrow sense of language and text to the generalized pan text. On this basis, the intertextuality theory breaks the traditional, closed, static text view through the exploration of intersubjectivity, and regards text as a process of unrestricted and dynamic development, and concentrates on the text. The passivity of the present, the hyperlinks of the text and the infinity of text interpretation, and the new historicism, based on the intertextuality of the text, is based on the relationship between literature and history, and reveals the social ability of the text network structure by examining the relationship between the textual nature of history and the relationship between the two and the text. In particular, the theory of intertextuality and the new historicism all run through the "intersex" thinking consciousness, or they are the two theoretical and practical ways of intertextuality.
On the one hand, this paper makes a macroscopic comparative study of the characteristics of intertextuality theory and new historicist text view, and examines the development of the theory from text to pan text in detail, and forms the transformation from the relevance of the ideographic code to the exploration of the circulation of social energy, and the intertextuality to the cultural poetry in the theoretical function. On the other hand, the research practice of the two theories is analyzed in detail through the interpretation of the realization process of literary text. The correlation and difference of the two are revealed by the four elements of literature. The text level is reflected from the presentation of the text network to the historical interpretation, and the main body level is from the author group and the reader group. The interaction is composed of its participation in history, and the world level is from the construction of literary history to the pursuit of the meaning of text history and culture. Thus, on the basis of equal dialogue and interaction between texts, the theory of intertextuality always uses text as the starting point and the foothold to explore the relevance of the text to the other text, and to reveal the mutual relationship between the text and the text. The influence is to draw lessons from each other and build up a multi-dimensional and unlimited open text network system, while the new historicism integrates the social and historical dimension of the text into the research field of research on the basis of the understanding of the text, and makes a thorough historicification of the various elements of the text, trying to reveal the process of ideographic practice from a deeper level. The ideological change contained in the process of the implied social energy circulation and significance, or the study of the new historicism, is the extension of the content of one aspect of the intertextual theory, that is, the deep exploration of the interrelationship between the literary text and the social historical and cultural texts.
On this basis, the comparison of the intertextuality theory and the view of the new historicism should be compared to the concrete examples of the text. This article selects two text communities, the "big history small case" text group and the "small history capitalization" text group. The former is a very regular, diversified, and born of important historical figures, events and historical times. The active writing takes the Qin Shihuang text group as an example; the latter takes the folklore, plural and pluralistic history into the category of historical interpretation, and writes about the existence and course of the ordinary small characters in the change of historical times. The two are the important formulas to explain history. On the one hand, these texts are subject to content and form methods. There are obvious intertextual relationships in the course of subject acceptance; on the other hand, in the Intertext of these related histories, they have their respective historical concreteness because of different social historical and cultural contexts, including the influence of social power discourse and ideology.
Therefore, the intertextuality theory emphasizes more on the interpretation and acceptance of the text itself, and the study of the new historicism emphasizes the relationship between the text and other socio cultural texts. It should explore the social and historical connotation behind the intertextual phenomenon. The intertextuality theory constructs a huge and complex text network for us, and the new historicism is a new historicism. It is a social and historical motivation to reveal the dynamic interaction between texts. The former is horizontal association and objective presentation, while the latter is more longitudinal investigation and in-depth exploration.
In a word, the intertextuality theory provides a way of thinking and an open text concept for the study of new historicism, and the new historicism extended the theory of intertextuality to the field of social history and culture, and greatly enriched the theory of intertextuality. Therefore, the two are both connected and different, both inheriting and developing. At the same time, the two have also enriched and perfected the research of text theory and practice.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：I0

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