图式理论视角下莎剧文化负载词的汉译

发布时间：2018-06-19 06:08

本文选题：莎剧 + 文化负载词　；参考：《广西师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：莎士比亚戏剧是一座丰富的文化艺术宝库,其中出现了大量的文化负载词,这些文化词承载着西方民族鲜明的文化底蕴,在汉译过程中大部分会出现文化空缺、冲突、不一致现象,要传达其全部信息并非易事。图式理论是一个相对较新的理论,已被广泛运用到哲学、认知心理学、语言学等领域,对研究语言学习过程尤其是有效阅读起着重要作用。它不仅有助于更好地了解另一种文化,还能更准确地传递复杂的文化内涵。莎士比亚戏剧历来受到无数学者的关注与研究,然而鲜有从认知角度研究莎剧文化负载词的翻译,且现存的莎剧中译本不乏无效翻译甚至误译现象。图式是人脑中对于某一特定的风俗、习惯和传统的现有的知识结构,它通过过去经验获得,是抽象了和概括了的知识结构,人们对新事物的理解和解释取决于头脑中已存在的图式,在理解新事物时,需要将新事物与已知的概念、过去的经历,即背景知识联系起来,因此在跨文化交际中,图式扮演着重要角色,并能有效地运用于翻译过程尤其是在西方文化词的汉译过程中,图式理论可以有效地指导翻译。通过分析文化图式的解码和再编码过程,译者必须拥有并且有效激活相关文化图式,丰富或者调整自身文化图式储备以正确解码原文,激活读者现有文化图式或助其构建新文化图式的文本。归化、异化、替代、直译加注释等作为有效传译莎剧的翻译策略,在翻译特殊的文化图式时,异化或直译加注释则为常用手段,因为这为读者构建了新的图式,形成读者本身的的知识结构,有助于今后同类现象的解释。本文从认知图式理论视角来探讨莎剧中文化负载词的类型、翻译的重要性及难点,结合朱生豪、梁实秋、方平三个代表性的汉译本,举出相应的译例进行比较、分析,探讨文化词汉译的有效途径,希望有助于今后的莎剧翻译。
[Abstract]:Shakespeare's plays are a rich treasure house of culture and art, in which a large number of culture-loaded words appear. These cultural words bear the distinct cultural heritage of the western nation. In the process of Chinese translation, most of them will have cultural vacancies and conflicts. It is not easy to convey the full message of inconsistency. Schema theory is a relatively new theory, which has been widely used in the fields of philosophy, cognitive psychology, linguistics and so on. It plays an important role in the study of language learning process, especially in effective reading. It not only contributes to a better understanding of another culture, but also more accurate transmission of complex cultural connotations. Shakespeare's plays have always been paid attention to and studied by numerous scholars. However, there are few researches on the translation of culture-loaded words in Shakespeare's dramas from the perspective of cognition, and the existing Chinese versions of Shakespeare's plays have not been translated effectively or even mistranslated. Schemata are the existing knowledge structures of a particular custom, and tradition in the human brain, which are abstracted and generalized by past experience. People's understanding and interpretation of new things depend on the schemata that already exist in their minds. In understanding new things, they need to relate new things to known concepts, past experiences, or background knowledge, so in cross-cultural communication, Schema plays an important role and can be effectively applied in the process of translation, especially in the process of Chinese translation of western cultural words. Schema theory can effectively guide translation. By analyzing the process of decoding and recoding cultural schemata, translators must possess and effectively activate relevant cultural schemas, enrich or adjust their cultural schema reserves to decode the original text correctly. Activate readers' existing cultural schemata or help them build new cultural schemata. Domestication, dissimilation, substitution, literal translation and annotation are the translation strategies for effective interpretation of Shakespeare dramas. In translating special cultural schemas, alienation or literal translation and annotation are commonly used, because they construct new schemata for readers. The formation of the reader's own knowledge structure will contribute to the interpretation of similar phenomena in the future. From the perspective of cognitive schema theory, this paper discusses the types of culture-loaded words in Shakespeare's dramas, the importance and difficulties of translation, and compares and analyzes the three representative Chinese versions of Zhu Shenghao, Liang Shiqiu and Fang Ping. To explore the effective ways of translating cultural words into Chinese in the hope of contributing to the future translation of Shakespeare's plays.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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