从目的论角度透视林纾翻译中的杂合现象

发布时间：2018-06-22 07:23

本文选题：林纾的翻译 + 目的论　；参考：《华中师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 林纾的翻译在中国翻译史乃至中国现代史上都有重大而深远的意义。长久以来，林纾的翻译就是译学界炙手可热的研究课题之一。作为译者，林纾本人“不通西文”，只能与其他人合作，翻译了大量的外国文学作品。这样合作产生的译文，其忠实性、准确性不免让人心存疑虑。而林纾本人又是位深谙古文的爱国文人，在特定的历史时期，基于特定的翻译目的，林纾用“他心目中认为较通俗、较随便、富于弹性的文言”来翻译外国小说，对原作内容进行增删，用中国的传统文化对原作的某些文化因素进行归化。他这些大胆的翻译行为都为文学评论家和翻译学者们津津乐道。对于林纾翻译的研究和评价，呈现出众说纷纭、莫衷一是的景象，各种研究成果也层出不穷。即便如此，学者们对此课题的研究热情却从未消减。而笔者也仍尝试从新的角度对其进行探讨。本研究摆脱了传统译论对于“忠实”、“对等”的追求，放弃了“归化”、“异化”、“直译”、“意译”的绝对划分，引进杂合的概念，以目的论为基础对林纾的译文进行再分析。论文首先介绍了此项研究的背景、意义以及论文的基本结构。过去几十年来，人们对翻译的认识经历了从自发、零散的主观感悟到系统的、理论体系日益成熟的转变。传统的翻译理论多以原文为中心，强调译文对原文的忠实。自从翻译研究发生文化转向后，，翻译研究更多地与社会、意识形态、政治、文化等因素发生关系，并且出现了跨文化、跨学科的研究态势。各种理论，包括多元系统论、目的论、后殖民理论、解构主义理论等被引进到翻译研究中来，极大地拓宽了翻译研究的视野，使得各种翻译现象和问题可以得到更为充分地解释。这样的环境给我们重新审视林纾的翻译提供了良好的理论支持和条件。林纾的翻译是一项目的性很强的活动。由此论文在第三章分别从目标情境、委托人、目标接受者和译者等方面对林纾翻译的目的进行了分析阐释。林纾作为一个爱国文人和译者，身处社会危机重重的中国，他希望通过译书引进西方先进的文化，拓展国人的视野，警醒国人，保国保种，救亡图存。林纾的翻译目的和当时的意识形态保持了一致，译书活动得到了商务印书馆的资助，取得了良好的经济和社会效应。林纾翻译的目的决定林纾采用了杂合的翻译策略，并且由此产生了杂合的译文。论文主体部分对此进行了深入探讨。林纾的译文是全方位、多层次的杂合，表现在语言、文学、文化等各个方面。林纾采用浅近的文言文翻译外国小说，对某些内容进行归化，并删减了部分中国读者比较陌生的内容；但与此同时他对原文的一些特征也进行了保留，包括音译原文的词汇、遵循原文的写作手法、保留原作的文化内容等。这样看似矛盾的举动使得林纾的译文兼具中国特色和异国情调，呈现明显的杂合状态。杂合的译文在当时的社会条件下产生了积极而广泛的影响，是对林纾翻译目的的功能性实现。论文最后的结论部分，对全文的主题进行了总结和归纳，认为林纾的译文是杂合的。林纾翻译的目的决定了他采用杂合的翻译手段，由此产生的译文实现了他特定的翻译目的。
[Abstract]:The translation of Lin Shu is one of the most important and far - reaching significance in Chinese translation history and even Chinese modern history .

This paper first introduces the background , significance and the basic structure of this research . In the past few decades , people have experienced the transformation from spontaneous , scattered and subjective sense to system , and the theoretical system has become more mature . Since the translation studies have shifted , the translation studies have been introduced into the translation studies more and more , which has greatly broadened the field of view of translation studies , which makes translation phenomena and problems more fully explained . Such an environment provides us with good theoretical support and conditions for re - examining the translation of Lin Shu .

The translation of Lin Shu is a very purpose - oriented activity . In chapter 3 , the author analyzes the purpose of Lin Shu ' s translation from the aspects of target situation , client , target recipient and translator .

The purpose of Lin Shu ' s translation decides that Lin Shu adopts a mixed translation strategy , and thus produces a mixed translation . The main part of this paper is in - depth discussion . The translation of Lin Shu is all - round , multi - level hybrid , manifested in various aspects of language , literature , culture and so on . Lin Shu adopts the shallow text to translate the foreign novel , carries on the naturalization of certain contents , and deletes some Chinese readers ' relatively strange content ;
But at the same time , he also retained some characteristics of the original text , including the words of the original text , followed the writing of the original text , retained the original cultural content , etc . This seemingly contradictory action caused the translation of Lin Shu to have both the Chinese characteristics and the exotic mood , and had a distinct heterozygous state . The translation of the hybrid has had a positive and extensive influence under the social conditions at that time , and it is a functional realization of the purpose of Lin Shu ' s translation .

The final conclusion part of this paper summarizes and sums up the subject of the whole text , and concludes that Lin Shu ' s translation is heterozygous . The purpose of Lin Shu ' s translation decides that he uses the means of translation , and the translated translation realizes his specific translation purpose .
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：I206.5;I046

【引证文献】