操纵论视角下《大地》王逢振中译本研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 09:27

本文选题：操纵理论 + 意识形态　；参考：《郑州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪70年代至90年代，翻译研究逐步完成了从语言研究到文化研究的历史转向。研究者们逐步从文本内部研究的禁锢中解放出来，开始放眼于研究翻译外部的宏观世界。自此翻译被置身于更大的历史文化背景中考察，并且制约翻译活动的各种外部因素以及翻译在塑造特定文化过程中扮演的角色也成为研究者们感兴趣的话题。比利时学者安德烈·勒菲弗尔就是其中最具影响力的人物之一，他提出的翻译操纵论是翻译研究文化学派的重要成果。勒菲弗尔认为翻译即是改写，任何翻译活动都不是发生在真空中的，都相应地受到历史、文化、社会等外部因素的制约。因此译者在翻译作品过程中，不同程度地会受到目标语意识形态、诗学和赞助人这三要素的制约，为了使自己的作品更好地被目标语文化所接受，译者不得不采取各种操纵手段，对译文进行有目的的改写，以使所译作品最大程度地满足受众的需求。本文拟以勒菲弗尔的“操控理论”为理论基础，选取著名学者王逢振的译作《大地》为研究对象，采用描述性研究方法，旨在揭示意识形态、诗学及赞助人在中译本《大地》翻译过程中是如何发挥作用的。 The Good Earth是美国著名作家赛珍珠的代表作，于1931年出版后，便在美国引起巨大轰动。该书于1938年获得诺贝尔文学奖，随即被译成一百多种文字在世界广为流传，被称为是沟通中西方交流的重要纽带。自20世纪80年代以来，中国文学界开始重新评估《大地》和赛珍珠的价值，因此它的翻译被再次提上日程。在众多翻译版本中，王逢振所译的版本是最新也是受众最多的一个。近几十年来，不少专家学者从女性主义、后殖民主义、文化回译、顺应论、哲学阐释理论等视角对The Good Earth及其中译本进行分析研究，然而从未出现学者从操控论的视角研究制约其译本形成的社会文化因素。因此作者希冀通过自己的拙笔填补这一缺憾。本文运用勒菲弗尔的操纵理论，首先分别从译前文本选择、译中翻译方法和译后文本接受度三方面分析意识形态对此翻译文本的影响，其中又从政治意识形态、美学价值及伦理道德三方面探讨其对翻译过程的操纵；其次分别从词汇、句法、风格三层面分析诗学要素对此文本的操纵；再次简述了赞助人在文学翻译中的角色以及出版社在此译本选择、形成和流通过程中所起的操纵作用；最后，本文试图发现在各操纵要素制约下，译者为了满足目标读者的美学诉求具体采用了哪些翻译方法。通过对The Good Earth中译本的分析，，本文得出如下结论：意识形态在译本的选取、翻译的过程以及译本的流通等方面起着一定的操纵作用，其中政治意识形态、美学价值和伦理道德以温和的形式操纵着翻译的过程；为了迎合目标语文化的诗学诉求，译者充分发挥了自己的主体性，对原文中的词汇、句法及风格进行了有意识地改写；作为赞助人的出版商在译本的产生，推广及流通的过程中也起着不小的作用；最后，译文中使用了诸如增添、重复、转换等其他翻译手法使得译本更符合目标语文化的主流意识形态和诗学观念，从而得到赞助人的支持，得以顺利出版并广为流传。本研究不仅用实例证实了把翻译置身于历史文化背景中研究的必要性，操纵理论在翻译文本分析中的普遍实用性，还为进一步深入研究赛珍珠《大地》提供了新的视角。
[Abstract]:From 1970s to 90s, translation studies gradually completed a historical turn from language research to cultural research. Researchers gradually liberated from the confinement of the internal research of the text and began to look at the external macro world of translation. The various external factors and the role of translation in the process of shaping a specific cultural process have also become a topic of interest to the researchers. Andre Lefebvre, a Belgian scholar, is one of the most influential figures, and his theory of translation exercises is an important achievement of the Cultural School of translation studies.
Lefebvre believes that translation is rewriting, and that any translation activities are not in the vacuum, and are correspondingly restricted by the external factors such as history, culture and society. Therefore, in the process of translation, the translator will be restricted by the three elements of the target language ideology, poetics and patron in order to make his own works more. Well accepted by the target language culture, the translator has to adopt various manipulations to rewrite the target translation in order to make the translated works meet the needs of the audience to the greatest extent. The purpose of this study is to reveal how ideology, poetics and patronage play a role in the translation of the Chinese version of the earth.
The Good Earth, a masterpiece of Pearl S. Buck, a famous American writer, caused great sensation in the United States after it was published in 1931. The book won the Nobel prize for literature in 1938, and then translated into more than 100 languages widely spread in the world. It is called an important link between the communication between the West and the West. Since 1980s, the Chinese literary world has opened. The value of "earth >" and Pearl Buck is reassessed, so its translation has been put on the agenda again. In many versions of the translation, Wang Fengzhen has been the latest and most popular version. In the past few decades, many experts and scholars have viewed the The Good from the perspectives of feminism, postcolonialism, cultural retranslation, adaptation theory, philosophical interpretation theory and so on. Earth and its translation are analyzed, but there has never been a scholar from the perspective of manipulative theory to study the social and cultural factors that restrict the formation of its translation. The author hopes to fill this regret through his own writing.
This paper, using Lefebvre's manipulation theory, first analyzes the influence of ideology on the translated text from three aspects: the choice of the text before translation, the method of translation and the acceptance of the post translation, and the manipulation of the translation process from three aspects of political ideology, aesthetic value and ethics. This paper analyzes the manipulation of the text in the three aspects of the poetic elements, and gives a brief account of the role of the sponsors in literary translation and the manipulating role of the publishing house in the selection, formation and circulation of the publishing house. Finally, this article tries to find that the translator wants to meet the aesthetic demands of the target readers under the restriction of various manipulative elements. What translation methods are used.
Through the analysis of the Chinese translation of The Good Earth, this paper draws the following conclusion: ideology plays a certain control role in the selection of the translation, the process of translation and the circulation of the translation, in which political ideology, aesthetic value and ethics are temperate in the process of translation; in order to cater for the target language culture. In the poetic appeal, the translator fully exerts his own subjectivity and rewrites the vocabulary, syntax and style of the text consciously; as a patron's publisher, it also plays a small role in the process of translation, promotion and circulation. Finally, the translation uses other translation techniques, such as adding, repetition, and conversion. The translated version is more consistent with the mainstream ideology and poetics concept of the target language culture, so as to get the support of the patronage, and it can be published and spread widely.
This study not only confirms the necessity of translating translation into historical and cultural background, but also provides a new perspective for further in-depth study of Pearl S. "Pearl".
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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