西方文学研究的“伦理转向”——功能类型及研究焦点

发布时间：2018-07-22 14:11

【摘要】：自20世纪70年代以来,西方学术界在研究范式上出现了文学研究的"伦理转向"。"伦理转向"经历了两个发展阶段:第一阶段主要在文学的范畴内探讨伦理与艺术形式的关系和表征;第二阶段体现为文学研究与文化研究的融合,实现了文学研究范式从文化实证主义向文化实用主义的转变。文学伦理学研究作为一种批评方法,自被推出以来备受争议和质疑,分歧主要存在于以马克思主义学派为代表的伦理政治论和以韦恩·布斯为代表的伦理普遍论之间。文学的伦理功能也被相应地分为政治伦理功能和生活伦理功能。文学伦理学研究的焦点经历了以政治和生活为导向的批评实践,发展到文学叙事伦理,并延伸到文学伦理精神的普世性的研究路径。文学伦理学研究体现了一种兼容性和多维性的特点,有效地拓展了人文精神的空间。
[Abstract]:Since the 1970s, there has been an "ethical turn" in literary research in western academic circles. The ethical turn has experienced two stages of development: the first stage mainly discusses the relationship and representation between ethics and artistic form in the context of literature, and the second stage embodies the fusion of literary and cultural studies. It realizes the transformation of literary research paradigm from cultural positivism to cultural pragmatism. As a critical method, the study of literary ethics has been controversial and questioned since it was launched. The difference mainly lies between the ethical political theory represented by Marxist school and the ethics universal theory represented by Wayne Booth. The ethical function of literature is divided into political ethical function and life ethical function. The focus of the study of literary ethics has experienced the practice of criticism based on politics and life, and has developed into the narrative ethics of literature, and extended to the universal research path of the spirit of literary ethics. The study of literary ethics embodies the characteristics of compatibility and multi-dimension, and effectively expands the space of humanistic spirit.
【作者单位】：北京第二外国语学院英语学院;
【基金】：北京市属高等学校高层次人才引进与培养计划项目(CIT&TCD201304011) 2013年北京市教委社科计划面上项目(SM201310031003)
【分类号】：I06

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