从《红楼梦》及两译本看言语幽默与会话含义

发布时间：2018-08-09 10:44

【摘要】： 幽默在我们的日常生活中几乎无处不在。它往往是通过语言的巧妙运用,尤其是对修辞格的巧妙使用来达到制笑并产生娱乐的目的,因此修辞格实际上己成为幽默的有效载体,同时,这些修辞格也通过违反合作原则中某个或几个准则而产生特殊会话含义。在英语和汉语中有很多修辞格共同充当幽默载体。. 古典名著《红楼梦》,自问世以来,一直广受欢迎。它的两个全译本,即戴维·霍克斯与约翰·闵福德翻译的The Story of the Stone和杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇翻译的A Dream of Red Mansion相继面世后,随即出现了大量《红楼梦》对比研究和翻译的文章。《红楼梦》中人物对话里幽默语段很多,作者在运用幽默语段刻画人物性格、揭示人物内心世界方面,匠心独运,很有特点。然而,迄今为止,几乎没有从会话含义角度对原文与译本的言语幽默进行研究。本文重点介绍了Grice的合作原则,并结合Leech的礼貌原则和准则及Brown Levinson的面子理论对会话含义理论进行了阐述,为分析会话含义提供了清晰的理论框架和研究工具。尽管现在语用学界对合作原则提出了很多异议,但是有礼貌原则和面子理论的补充,在分析言语幽默中的幽默效果产生方面,合作原则仍然是一种最有效的语用原则。本文以引起幽默的修辞格为语言标识,从《红楼梦》(前80回)原文中筛选出幽默会话语料并找出两译本中相应译文构建数据库,通过对数据的分析和对比来研究言语幽默,试图回答以下几个问题:(1)原文的幽默效果是否在译文中再现;(2)原文的会话含义是否在译文中体现出来;(3)能否以会话含义为指导来提高幽默翻译的效果,通过两译本中言语幽默的译例进行对比与分析,探讨了两位译者的翻译策略,考察幽默效果是否有效传递。由于本文分析思路是在幽默研究上的一次新的尝试,必然存在很多不足之处,有待于进一步研究。
[Abstract]:Humor is almost everywhere in our daily life. It is often through the clever use of language, especially the clever use of rhetorical devices to achieve the purpose of laughter and entertainment, so rhetoric has actually become an effective carrier of humor, at the same time, These figures of speech also produce special conversational implicature by violating one or more of the principles of cooperation. In both English and Chinese, many figures of speech act as humor carriers. The classical masterpiece A Dream of Red Mansions has been popular since its inception. Two full versions of it, The Story of the Stone and Yang Xianyi translated by David Hawks and John Minford, and A Dream of Red Mansion translated by the Denadians came into being one after another. There are a lot of articles about contrastive study and translation of A Dream of Red Mansions. In A Dream of Red Mansions, there are a lot of humorous phrases in the dialogue. The author uses humorous passages to depict the characters' character and reveal the characters' inner world. So far, however, almost no research has been done on the verbal humor of the original text and the translation from the perspective of conversational implicature. This paper focuses on the cooperative principle of Grice and expounds the conversational implicature theory based on Leech's politeness principle and Brown Levinson's face theory, which provides a clear theoretical framework and research tool for the analysis of conversational implicature. Although the pragmatics have raised a lot of objections to the principle of cooperation, the politeness principle and the theory of face are supplemented, and the principle of cooperation is still the most effective pragmatic principle in analyzing the effect of humor in verbal humor. Based on the rhetorical devices that cause humor, this paper selects the humorous conversational data from the original text of A Dream of Red Mansions (the first 80 chapters) and finds out the corresponding translations in the two translations to construct a database, and studies verbal humor through the analysis and comparison of the data. This paper attempts to answer the following questions: (1) whether the humorous effect of the original text is reproduced in the translation; (2) whether the conversational implicature of the original text is reflected in the translation; (3) whether the conversational implicature can be used as a guide to improve the effect of humorous translation. By comparing and analyzing the translation examples of verbal humor in the two versions, this paper probes into the translation strategies of the two translators and investigates whether the effect of humor is effectively transmitted. Since this paper is a new attempt in humor research, there must be many deficiencies, which need to be further studied.
【学位授予单位】：南华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：I046;H059

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