从功能对等理论看《围城》中的讽喻翻译
发布时间：2018-08-10 20:06
【摘要】： 本文从功能对等理论的角度,探讨小说《围城》中讽喻的翻译问题。 尤金·奈达提出的功能对等理论认为:翻译的完全对等不存在,是否对等应该按照接受者对译文信息所作出的反应与源语读者对源语信息所作出反应程度来界定。如果接受语读者和源语读者的文化背景差异较大,两种反应永远不会完全相同。但是,这两种反应应该在很大程度上对应,否则译文就违背了初衷。因此,译文的接受者对译文信息的反应应该与源语言接受者对原文的反应基本相同。 自亚里士多德以来,隐喻便活跃在各种学者的研究文献中。传统修辞学把隐喻仅仅看作是一种语言的修辞活动,对隐喻的认识局限在辞格层次。现代隐喻理论明确把隐喻提升到认知高度,将其分为显性隐喻(即明喻)与隐性隐喻。作为一种认知现象,隐喻更加形象、生动、深刻地帮助我们通过其他事物来认识某些事物特征。比喻与讽刺的并用,即讽喻,作为一种常见的表现形式,不直接讽刺要讽刺的对象,而是转一个弯,通过将此事物与相近的另一事物形成比喻,间接传达力度、达到讽刺的目的,更具有含蓄、幽默、机敏之感。 钱钟书先生的《围城》是一部杰出的讽刺文学著作,小说运用了大量的比喻(显性隐喻与隐性隐喻)手法来取得幽默、睿智的艺术效果。本文主要研究其中比喻与讽刺相结合的讽喻翻译。文章旨在从功能对等的角度为《围城》中讽喻翻译提供一个研究的视角,评析译文中讽喻翻译的质量,分析处理手法,对部分译文提出建设性意见,并通过对讽刺和比喻的结合,引起读者对这两种艺术手法的兴趣及关注。 通过研究发现,译者主要采用直译的方式,对源语文化给与保留。由于钱钟书曾受西方文化熏陶,其小说中借用西方人熟知文化进行的讽喻及具有中西文化共性的讽喻可以达到最佳功能对等,而独特的具有强烈中国文化色彩的讽喻则无法达到最佳对等。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of functional equivalence, this paper probes into the translation of allegory in the novel besieged City. Eugene Nida's functional equivalence theory holds that the complete equivalence of translation does not exist and whether equivalence should be defined according to the response of the recipient to the translation information and the response of the source reader to the source information. If the cultural background of the recipient reader and the source language reader is quite different, the two reactions will never be identical. However, the two responses should correspond to a large extent, otherwise the translation would be contrary to its original intention. Therefore, the recipient's response to the information should be basically the same as the source language's response to the original text. Since Aristotle, metaphor has been active in the literature of various scholars. The traditional rhetoric regards metaphor as only a rhetorical activity of language, and the cognition of metaphor is confined to the rhetorical level. Modern metaphor theory explicitly elevates metaphor to cognitive level and divides it into explicit metaphor (i.e. metonymy) and implicit metaphor. As a cognitive phenomenon, metaphor is more vivid, vivid and profound to help us understand the characteristics of certain things through other things. The use of metaphor and satire, that is, allegory, as a common form of expression, does not directly satirize the object to be satirized, but turns a corner, and conveys power indirectly by forming a metaphor between this thing and another thing close to it. To achieve the purpose of irony, but also with a sense of implication, humor, dexterity. Mr. Qian Zhongshu's "besieged City" is an outstanding satirical literary work. The novel uses a large number of metaphors (explicit metaphor and implicit metaphor) to achieve humorous and intelligent artistic effects. This thesis focuses on allegorical translation which combines metaphor with satire. From the perspective of functional equivalence, this paper aims to provide a research perspective for the translation of allegory in besieged City, to evaluate the quality of the translation of allegory in the translation, to analyze the processing techniques, and to make constructive comments on some of the translations. Through the combination of satire and metaphor, readers are interested in these two artistic techniques. It is found that the translator mainly adopts literal translation to preserve the culture of the source language. Because Qian Zhongshu was influenced by western culture, his novels can achieve the best functional equivalence by using the allegory of Westerners familiar with the culture and the allegory with the common character of Chinese and western cultures. And the unique allegory with strong Chinese culture color can not reach the best equivalence.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：H059;I046
本文编号：2176060
[Abstract]:From the perspective of functional equivalence, this paper probes into the translation of allegory in the novel besieged City. Eugene Nida's functional equivalence theory holds that the complete equivalence of translation does not exist and whether equivalence should be defined according to the response of the recipient to the translation information and the response of the source reader to the source information. If the cultural background of the recipient reader and the source language reader is quite different, the two reactions will never be identical. However, the two responses should correspond to a large extent, otherwise the translation would be contrary to its original intention. Therefore, the recipient's response to the information should be basically the same as the source language's response to the original text. Since Aristotle, metaphor has been active in the literature of various scholars. The traditional rhetoric regards metaphor as only a rhetorical activity of language, and the cognition of metaphor is confined to the rhetorical level. Modern metaphor theory explicitly elevates metaphor to cognitive level and divides it into explicit metaphor (i.e. metonymy) and implicit metaphor. As a cognitive phenomenon, metaphor is more vivid, vivid and profound to help us understand the characteristics of certain things through other things. The use of metaphor and satire, that is, allegory, as a common form of expression, does not directly satirize the object to be satirized, but turns a corner, and conveys power indirectly by forming a metaphor between this thing and another thing close to it. To achieve the purpose of irony, but also with a sense of implication, humor, dexterity. Mr. Qian Zhongshu's "besieged City" is an outstanding satirical literary work. The novel uses a large number of metaphors (explicit metaphor and implicit metaphor) to achieve humorous and intelligent artistic effects. This thesis focuses on allegorical translation which combines metaphor with satire. From the perspective of functional equivalence, this paper aims to provide a research perspective for the translation of allegory in besieged City, to evaluate the quality of the translation of allegory in the translation, to analyze the processing techniques, and to make constructive comments on some of the translations. Through the combination of satire and metaphor, readers are interested in these two artistic techniques. It is found that the translator mainly adopts literal translation to preserve the culture of the source language. Because Qian Zhongshu was influenced by western culture, his novels can achieve the best functional equivalence by using the allegory of Westerners familiar with the culture and the allegory with the common character of Chinese and western cultures. And the unique allegory with strong Chinese culture color can not reach the best equivalence.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：H059;I046
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 孙艺风;《围城》英译本的一些问题[J];中国翻译;1995年01期
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