人本困境：悲剧的存在论根源剖析
发布时间：2018-08-21 14:26
【摘要】： 本文从实践论的角度出发,以历史唯物主义和辩证唯物主义为指导,对悲剧的存在论根源进行了自己的新探讨。论文第一章为本体论。首先对“人”的存在特征进行了分析。论文首先指出人是一种生活的存在、实践的存在,是一种“自觉”、“自为”、“自由”的存在,是一种超越性的存在者。接着,又对人的现实存在进行了一纵一横两方面的分析。在纵的层面上,人在时间维度内的存在是一种“历史”性的存在,要受到历史本身发展规律的限制;在横的层面上,人在空间维度内的存在是一种“社会”性的存在,又要受到种种现实社会关系的制约。正因为人在时空两方面的现实存在都隐含着一种深刻的矛盾性,所以人成为一种向往无限却又立身有限的存在。有限和无限的辩证统一,决定了人永远面对着一系列永恒的困境。这就是本文所着力论述的悲剧的存在论根源——“人本困境”。 文章着重分析了最基本的四种人本困境:认知困境/命运困境、人际困境/伦理困境、欲望困境/意志困境、死亡困境,并最终提出了自己对于悲剧的理解:悲剧就是人面对人本困境的抗争与毁灭。而悲剧的审美价值,就在于主人公在悲壮的抗争行动中所体现出的人格的尊严与人性的伟大。 论文第二章,以“人本困境”为理论内核对西方理论史上几种具有代表性的悲剧观进行了梳理、分析和比照,指出这些悲剧观在不同侧面和不同程度上都和“人本困境”悲剧论有着某种呼应关系,因而“人本困境”理论基本上可以把这几种侧重点和表述方式各不相同的理论概括进去。在第三章中,又以“人本困境”为基本视点对几部西方经典悲剧作品进行了解读,从而证明该理论能够相当到位地阐释几部经典悲剧文本的基本矛盾和悲剧根源。通过这两章纵的梳理和横的展开,最终论证了“人本困境”概念能够比较到位地对悲剧的存在论根源进行揭示、对悲剧的理论进行界定,具有一定的理论概括力和理论生长、阐释空间。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of practice and guided by historical materialism and dialectical materialism, this paper makes a new discussion on the origin of tragedy existentialism. The first chapter is ontology. First of all, the existence characteristics of "human" are analyzed. Firstly, the paper points out that man is a kind of existence of life and practice, which is a kind of "consciousness", "self-action" and "freedom", and is a transcendent being. Then, the reality of the existence of a vertical and horizontal analysis of two aspects. On the vertical level, the existence of man in the dimension of time is a kind of "historical" existence, which is restricted by the law of development of history itself, and on the horizontal level, the existence of man in the dimension of space is a kind of "social" existence. But also subject to the constraints of a variety of real social relations. Because there is a profound contradiction between the two aspects of human existence in space and time, man becomes a kind of being which yearns for infinity but has limited body. The dialectical unity of finite and infinite determines that man is faced with a series of eternal predicaments forever. This is the root of the existential theory of tragedy. This paper focuses on the analysis of four basic human dilemmas: cognitive dilemma / destiny dilemma, interpersonal dilemma / ethical dilemma, desire / will dilemma, death dilemma, And finally put forward their own understanding of tragedy: tragedy is the struggle and destruction of the human face. The aesthetic value of tragedy lies in the dignity of personality and the greatness of humanity. In the second chapter, the author combs, analyzes and compares several representative tragic views in the history of western theory, taking the "Humanism predicament" as the theoretical core. It is pointed out that these tragic views are related to the tragedy theory of "humanism dilemma" in different aspects and to different degrees, so the theory of "humanistic dilemma" can basically generalize these theories with different emphases and expressions. In the third chapter, the author interprets several western classical tragedy works from the viewpoint of "Humanism predicament", which proves that the theory can explain the basic contradiction and the tragic root of several classical tragedy texts quite well. Through the vertical combing and horizontal development of the two chapters, the paper finally demonstrates that the concept of "humanism dilemma" can reveal the root of tragedy's existential theory, define the theory of tragedy, and have a certain theoretical generalization and theoretical growth. Space for interpretation.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：I01
本文编号：2196027
[Abstract]:From the perspective of practice and guided by historical materialism and dialectical materialism, this paper makes a new discussion on the origin of tragedy existentialism. The first chapter is ontology. First of all, the existence characteristics of "human" are analyzed. Firstly, the paper points out that man is a kind of existence of life and practice, which is a kind of "consciousness", "self-action" and "freedom", and is a transcendent being. Then, the reality of the existence of a vertical and horizontal analysis of two aspects. On the vertical level, the existence of man in the dimension of time is a kind of "historical" existence, which is restricted by the law of development of history itself, and on the horizontal level, the existence of man in the dimension of space is a kind of "social" existence. But also subject to the constraints of a variety of real social relations. Because there is a profound contradiction between the two aspects of human existence in space and time, man becomes a kind of being which yearns for infinity but has limited body. The dialectical unity of finite and infinite determines that man is faced with a series of eternal predicaments forever. This is the root of the existential theory of tragedy. This paper focuses on the analysis of four basic human dilemmas: cognitive dilemma / destiny dilemma, interpersonal dilemma / ethical dilemma, desire / will dilemma, death dilemma, And finally put forward their own understanding of tragedy: tragedy is the struggle and destruction of the human face. The aesthetic value of tragedy lies in the dignity of personality and the greatness of humanity. In the second chapter, the author combs, analyzes and compares several representative tragic views in the history of western theory, taking the "Humanism predicament" as the theoretical core. It is pointed out that these tragic views are related to the tragedy theory of "humanism dilemma" in different aspects and to different degrees, so the theory of "humanistic dilemma" can basically generalize these theories with different emphases and expressions. In the third chapter, the author interprets several western classical tragedy works from the viewpoint of "Humanism predicament", which proves that the theory can explain the basic contradiction and the tragic root of several classical tragedy texts quite well. Through the vertical combing and horizontal development of the two chapters, the paper finally demonstrates that the concept of "humanism dilemma" can reveal the root of tragedy's existential theory, define the theory of tragedy, and have a certain theoretical generalization and theoretical growth. Space for interpretation.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：I01
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 王宏刚;在中西比较的视野中看中国古典悲剧的民族特色[D];暨南大学;2010年
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 岳欣莹;论中国古代神话的悲剧性因素[D];西北大学;2009年
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