《红楼梦》两译本中的生态文化翻译研究

发布时间：2018-08-27 14:47

【摘要】：《红楼梦》是中国的经典文学著作,其内容包罗万象,堪称中华民族传统文化的百科全书。全书系统总结了中国封建社会的政治、经济、教育、宗教、习俗等各个领域的文化,对封建社会的各个方面进行了深刻的批判。专家、学者对《红楼梦》的研究形成了一门学术性的独立研究学科——红学,这在文学史上是极为罕见的。当然,这部巨著也被翻译成各种文字在世界各地流传。其中对《红楼梦》的英译以杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇和英国霍克斯的两个译本为最佳。两译本作者处在不同的民族文化语境下,对原著中文化因素的处理风格迥异,杨译本更忠实于原文,以准确见长,总体上倾向于“异化”的翻译策略,倾向于在译作中再现中国传统文化；霍译本行文明显倾向于“归化”翻译策略,英文流畅自然,以雅致取胜,意在顺应英文读者的文化习惯。生态文化的概念是美国著名翻译理论家尤金·奈达提出来的,他将语言中的文化因素分为五类：生态文化、物质文化、社会文化、宗教文化、语言文化。所谓生态文化就是人类在长期的发展过程中将自然万物和现象赋予的丰富的文化内涵。目前对《红楼梦》中文化因素的翻译研究颇多,但对其中生态文化翻译的专门研究却很少。本文主要对两译本中的生态文化翻译进行对比研究。本研究以文化翻译理论为支撑,以生态文化翻译研究为重点。西方的翻译理论研究一直到70年代至80年代多元系统与规划理论的登场,真正从文本转移到文本以外的文化、社会、历史及政治因素的相关研究。20世纪90年代出现的翻译研究的文化模式的产生,标志着翻译研究朝着“文化转向”潮流发展。在此理论产生后出现了诸如苏珊·巴斯内特、勒费弗尔、韦努蒂等著名翻译家。在中国,文化翻译理论也有长足发展。本文主要依据刘宓庆的文化翻译观来进行研究。刘宓庆在《文化翻译论纲》一书中提出了系统的文化翻译理论和观点。本研究根据刘宓庆的文化翻译理论,试图从一个更加全面和系统的角度来探究生态文化的翻译,并且提出生态文化翻译的方法和观点。而后以《红楼梦》两译本中的生态文化翻译作为实证研究,来验证和补充自己提出的生态文化翻译方法和观点,从而丰富生态文化翻译的研究。在研究中,为了全面清楚地说明问题,论文分为四章。第一章介绍了论文研究背景、研究目的、研究方法和研究意义。第二章介绍了文化翻译理论的主要观点和国内外研究现状以及研究局限性；对生态文化的概念以及生态文化翻译的国内外研究现状和研究局限性进行了阐述；对《红楼梦》中生态文化翻译研究现状和局限性进行了总结。第三章分为三个部分。第一部分以刘宓庆的文化翻译理论为支撑,从文化信息解读和和文化信息在翻译中的再现两个层面来分析和阐述,尝试提出《红楼梦》中生态文化翻译的方法和观点。第二部分以《红楼梦》两译本为语料进行分析,对典型译例做出分析和对比研究,验证以上提出的生态文化翻译方法的正确性以及实用性,同时提出自己的理解和观点。第三部分是对前两部分的总结,对自己的观点以及前文提出的生态文化翻译方法进行改正和完善,从而提出更加正确和符合实际的生态文化翻译方法和策略。第四章是对全文的总结,列出了本研究的主要成果和启示,以及研究缺陷和对后续研究的建议。
[Abstract]:A Dream of Red Mansions is a classic Chinese literary work. Its contents are all-inclusive and can be called an encyclopedia of Chinese traditional culture. It is rare in the history of literature that this great work has been translated into various languages all over the world. Among them, Yang Xianyi, Dai Naidi and Hawks are the best translators. In the context of ethnic cultures, the handling styles of cultural factors in the original are quite different. Yang's version is more faithful to the original, with accuracy as its strong point, and tends to reproduce the traditional Chinese culture in the translation as a whole. Huo's translation is inclined to domesticate the translation strategy, and English is fluent and natural, winning with elegance. Conform to the cultural habits of English readers.
The concept of eco-culture is put forward by Eugene Nida, a famous American translation theorist. He divides the cultural factors in language into five categories: ecological culture, material culture, social culture, religious culture and language culture. At present, there are many studies on the translation of cultural factors in A Dream of Red Mansions, but few on the translation of ecological culture.
This study is supported by cultural translation theories and focuses on eco-cultural translation studies. From the 1970s to the 1980s, translation studies in the West have shifted from texts to studies of cultural, social, historical and political factors beyond texts. The emergence of cultural model indicates that translation studies are developing towards a "cultural turn". After the emergence of this theory, famous translators such as Susan Bassnett, Lefevere and Venuti have emerged. In China, cultural translation theory has also made considerable progress. This paper is mainly based on Liu Miqing's view of cultural translation. Based on Liu Miqing's cultural translation theory, this study attempts to explore the translation of eco-culture from a more comprehensive and systematic perspective, and puts forward the methods and viewpoints of translating eco-culture. Then, the author uses the translation of eco-culture in the two versions of A Dream of Red Mansions. As an empirical study, this paper tries to verify and supplement the methods and viewpoints of eco-cultural translation proposed by myself, so as to enrich the study of eco-cultural translation.
Chapter One introduces the background, purpose, methods and significance of the study. Chapter Two introduces the main viewpoints of cultural translation theory, the current research situation at home and abroad, and the limitations of the study. It also introduces the concept of ecological culture and the country of ecological culture translation. The third chapter is divided into three parts. The first part is based on Liu Miqing's theory of cultural translation, which is analyzed from two aspects: the interpretation of cultural information and the reproduction of cultural information in translation. The second part analyzes and compares the two versions of A Dream of Red Mansions with typical examples to verify the correctness and practicability of the above-mentioned eco-cultural translation methods, and at the same time puts forward my own understanding and viewpoints. Chapter Four is a summary of the whole thesis, which lists the main achievements and Enlightenments of this study, as well as the shortcomings of the study and the suggestions for the follow-up study.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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