塞尔登《文学批评理论》：历时与共时的并存
发布时间：2019-01-17 09:33
【摘要】： 从历时态的纵向看,西方文学理论的发展过程可以大致分作古代、近现代、当代几个阶段,而每个阶段又流派纷呈。从共时态的横向看,文论作为研究文学普遍规律的学科,各时代、各流派的之间不应该是完全对立甚至割裂的。西方文论选是研究西方文论的著作类型之一,在选文的编排上,通常依据文论史脉和作家年代为序。英国文论家拉曼·塞尔登编著的《文学批评理论——从柏拉图到现在》打破了这种惯例,以文论的主题或论题来编纂。在同一个主题或论题下,不同时代文论家的相关论述历时排序;而将不同的主题或论题共时并置,形成彼此的参照。“历时”和“共时”得自索绪尔的语言学理论,这对术语通常作为一种方法论出现在多个领域的学术研究著作或论文中。本文用这两个看似对立却又交织的词语,来探讨《文学批评理论》这部文论选著作的编写观念和方法论意义。 《文学批评理论——从柏拉图到现在》的英文原著书名“The Theory of Criticism: From Plato to the Present”,直译为中文应该是“批评理论:从柏拉图到现在”。文学理论和批评理论的异同和联系是什么?这部书在编选体例上的特色对西方文论研究又有何启迪作用?本文旨在通过对《文学批评理论:从柏拉图到现在》一书的内、外研究,努力回答以上问题,进而从积极的方面探讨这部文论选著述在学术方法论上的示范性。如编者塞尔登在序言中所说,“我们只要采取一种比较的、历史的研究方法,就不难理解它们之间相对的非连续性。”“问题和答案是随历史环境的改变而改变的。然而,连续性和对立存在的机遇一样多。某些特别的传统生存下来或者获得了加强,而另一些传统却长久地消失了,但却有可能随着新思潮使它们重新获得功用而在未来的什么时候复活。”
[Abstract]:From the vertical point of view of historical tense, the development process of western literary theory can be roughly divided into ancient, modern and contemporary stages, and each stage is of various schools. From the horizontal aspect of syntenses, literary theory, as a subject of studying the universal law of literature, should not be completely opposed or even separated between different schools of times. The selection of western literary theory is one of the types of works that study western literary theory. In the arrangement of selection, it is usually based on the historical context of literary theory and the age of the writer. The Literary criticism Theory, compiled by English literary theorist Raman Seldon, breaks this practice and is compiled on the theme or topic of literary theory. Under the same theme or topic, the relevant treatises of literary theorists of different times are sorted in diachronic order, and the different themes or topics are put together in the same time to form mutual reference. Diachronic and synchronic are derived from Saussure's linguistic theory, which often appears as a methodology in academic works or papers in many fields. This paper uses these two seemingly opposite but intertwined words to discuss the writing concept and methodological significance of the selected works of Literary criticism. Literary criticism Theory: from Plato to the present, the title of the original book, The Theory of Criticism: From Plato to the Present, should be translated into Chinese as critical Theory: from Plato to the present. What are the similarities and differences between literary theory and critical theory? What is the enlightening effect of the characteristics of this book on the style of editing for the study of western literary theory? The purpose of this paper is to study the inner and outer aspects of Literary criticism Theory: from Plato to the present, and to try to answer the above questions, and then to explore the demonstration of the selected works in academic methodology from the positive aspects. As the editor Seldon said in the preface, "it is not difficult to understand the relative discontinuity between them as long as we adopt a comparative, historical approach." Questions and answers change with the change of historical circumstances. However, there are as many opportunities as opposites. Some particular traditions have survived or been strengthened, while others have long disappeared, but it is possible to resurrect them in the future as new ideas bring them back to use. "
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：I06
本文编号：2409905
[Abstract]:From the vertical point of view of historical tense, the development process of western literary theory can be roughly divided into ancient, modern and contemporary stages, and each stage is of various schools. From the horizontal aspect of syntenses, literary theory, as a subject of studying the universal law of literature, should not be completely opposed or even separated between different schools of times. The selection of western literary theory is one of the types of works that study western literary theory. In the arrangement of selection, it is usually based on the historical context of literary theory and the age of the writer. The Literary criticism Theory, compiled by English literary theorist Raman Seldon, breaks this practice and is compiled on the theme or topic of literary theory. Under the same theme or topic, the relevant treatises of literary theorists of different times are sorted in diachronic order, and the different themes or topics are put together in the same time to form mutual reference. Diachronic and synchronic are derived from Saussure's linguistic theory, which often appears as a methodology in academic works or papers in many fields. This paper uses these two seemingly opposite but intertwined words to discuss the writing concept and methodological significance of the selected works of Literary criticism. Literary criticism Theory: from Plato to the present, the title of the original book, The Theory of Criticism: From Plato to the Present, should be translated into Chinese as critical Theory: from Plato to the present. What are the similarities and differences between literary theory and critical theory? What is the enlightening effect of the characteristics of this book on the style of editing for the study of western literary theory? The purpose of this paper is to study the inner and outer aspects of Literary criticism Theory: from Plato to the present, and to try to answer the above questions, and then to explore the demonstration of the selected works in academic methodology from the positive aspects. As the editor Seldon said in the preface, "it is not difficult to understand the relative discontinuity between them as long as we adopt a comparative, historical approach." Questions and answers change with the change of historical circumstances. However, there are as many opportunities as opposites. Some particular traditions have survived or been strengthened, while others have long disappeared, but it is possible to resurrect them in the future as new ideas bring them back to use. "
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：I06
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1 袁雪生;从内部研究走向文化研究——20世纪西方文论的转向与回归[J];学术论坛;2004年02期
，本文编号：2409905
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