从功能翻译理论看《围城》中汉语文化负载词的翻译

发布时间：2017-10-01 07:55

本文关键词：从功能翻译理论看《围城》中汉语文化负载词的翻译

【摘要】：中国,以其灿烂的文化和悠久的历史闻名于世。而随着跨文化交流和全球化进程的加快,让中国传统文化走向世界变得日益迫切和重要。由于语言在社会中不断完善和发展,必然会带有浓厚的民族文化底蕴和鲜明的民族特色,表现民族文化的精华。作为一种重要的跨文化交际活动,翻译是不同文化背景的读者进行交流的桥梁。而源于文化个性的文化负载词的翻译,给跨文化交流带来了困难和障碍。钱钟书先生的《围城》被誉为中国现代文学中“最伟大的一部”,其中大量富有中国文化特色的词语构成了该作品除了幽默和讽刺之外的另一大亮点。由珍妮-凯莉和美籍华人茅国权共同努力完成的《围城》英译本是被读者广泛接受和认可的译本。总体来说,该译本很好的再现了原作的内容和风格,然而对该译本的批判也同样存在。本文以功能翻译理论为依据,探讨该作品中汉语文化负载词的翻译。与传统翻译理论相比,功能翻译理论把译文关注的重点放在翻译目的和功能上,为译者提供了一个新的视角,即把翻译看成是目的性的活动,使译文尽量适应目的语读者的期待和要求。功能翻译理论在非文学翻译领域的应用及研究非常广泛,但功能翻译理论是否对文学翻译有一定的指导意义和适用性,同样值得探讨。鉴于此,本文选取《围城》中大量汉语文化负载词的英译作为实证,从功能翻译理论角度入手,从目的论和文化角度分析,探讨如何合理地处理文学作品翻译中的文化因素。通过对小说中汉语文化负载词英译例子的分析,作者首先总结了在该理论的指导下,不同的翻译策略怎样合理的运用以指导文化负载词的翻译；其次肯定了珍妮-凯莉和美茅国权英译本的价值,并就如何更准确得体翻译文化负载词提出了相关建议。该研究一方面对文学作品中文化负载词翻译策略的选择给予一些启发,同样也肯定了功能翻译理论对文学翻译有一定的指导意义；另一方面汉语文化负载词的英译也使不同文化背景的读者很好地实现了跨文化交际,进一步促进了中国传统文化的传播与发展。
【关键词】：文化负载词 《围城》 功能翻译理论
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315.9;I046
【目录】：

摘要4-5
Abstract5-7
Tables of Contents7-9
Chapter One Introduction9-13
1.1 Research Background9-10
1.2 Theoretical Foundation of the Thesis10-11
1.3 Significance of the Study11
1.4 Layout of the Thesis11-13
Chapter Two Literature Review13-21
2.1 The Whole Process of German Functionalist Translation Theory13-17
2.1.1 Text Typology13-14
2.1.2 Skopostheorie14-15
2.1.3 Theory of Translation Action15-16
2.1.4 Theory of Functionality Plus Loyalty16-17
2.2 Previous Studies on Functionalist Translation Theory17-18
2.2.1 Study on Functionalist Translation Theory Abroad17
2.2.2 Studies on Functionalist Translation Theory at Home17-18
2.3 Fortress Besieged and the Related Research on It18-21
2.3.1 The Importance of Fortress Besieged and Its Author18-19
2.3.2 The English version Fortress Besieged and Relevant Researches on it19-21
Chapter Three The Adoption of Functionalist Translation Theory to #0Cultural Translation in Literary Works21-30
3.1 Definition of Culture21-22
3.2 The Relationship between Culture and Language22
3.3 The Relationship between Culture and Translation22-23
3.4 The Intimate Connection among Language,Culture,and Translation23-24
3.5 Literary Translation and Its Features24-26
3.5.1 Traditional Viewpoints on Literary Translation24-25
3.5.2 Modern opinions on Literary Translation25-26
3.5.3 Features of Literary Translation26
3.6 Enlightenment of Functionalist Translation Theory to Cultural Translation in Literary works26-30
3.6.1 Early Views of Functiinal Theories26-28
3.6.2 Application of Functionalist Translation Thery to Cultural Translation in Literary Works28-30
Chapter Four The Case Studies on the Translation of Culture-loaded Words in Fortress Besieged30-49
4.1 The Definition of Culture-loaded Words30-31
4.2 The Possible Factors Influencing the Cultural Meanings behind the Two Different Languages31-32
4.2.1 Differences in Natural Environment and Living Experience31
4.2.2 Differences in Traditional Values31-32
4.2.3 Differences in Religious Beliefs32
4.2.4 Differences in Social Background, Historical Development, and Cultural Connotations of Words32
4.3 Classification of Culture-loaded Words and Their Translations in Fortress Besieged32-43
4.3.1 Examples of Translation on Ecological Culture-loaded Words from Fortress Besieged33-35
4.3.2 Examples of Translation on Material Culture-loaded Words from Fortress Besieged35-36
4.3.3 Examples of Translation on Social Culture-loaded Words from Fortress Besieged36-40
4.3.4 Examples of Translation on Religious Culture-loaded Words from Fortress Besieged40-41
4.3.5 Examples of Translation on Linguistic Culture-loaded Words from Fortress Besieged41-43
4.4 The Summary of Translation Methods in Translating the Culture-loaded Words in Fortress Besieged43-45
4.4.1 Literal Translation43
4.4.2 Transliteration43-44
4.4.3 Substitution44
4.4.4 Free Translation44-45
4.5 The Principles of Translating Culture-loaded Words45-47
4.5.1 Principle of Following the Established Rules45
4.5.2 Principle of Semantic Faithfulness45-46
4.5.3 Principle of Cultural Equivalence46
4.5.4 Principle of Functional Equivalence46
4.5.5 Principle of Readers' Acceptability46-47
4.6 Summary of Factors to be considered in the Translation of Culture-loaded Words47-49
4.6.1 Type of Text47
4.6.2 Readers' Acceptability47-48
4.6.3 The Context48
4.6.4 Purpose of Translation48-49
Chapter Five Conclusion49-51
5.1 Chief Findings of the Thesis49-50
5.2 Limitations of the Thesis50
5.3 Suggestions for Further Research50-51
Bibliography51-54
攻读硕士学位期间取得的科研成果54-55
Acknowledgement55