性别（gender）视角的《三四郎》解读

发布时间：2018-01-01 21:19

本文关键词：性别（gender）视角的《三四郎》解读　出处：《中国海洋大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着上世纪60年代女性主义批评方法进入日本文学研究者视野，从这个角度展开的夏目漱石研究也纷纷涌现。其中，《三四郎》一文因只采用三四郎为视点人物，女性的声音被抹杀，所以饱受女性主义文学批评者的批判。但笔者认为,站在女性主义文学立场解读《三四郎》这部作品不能只抓住“女性声音是否被抹杀”这一点。《三四郎》其实是通过与《诸神复活》、《源氏物语》等经典作品之间一系列的互文与隐喻的关系而形成的多层次文本，作者在社会性别方面已经摆脱了江户时代男女性别观念的束缚，新的男女观念也成为了作者反对国家主义的出发点。本论文以《三四郎》发表前的预告为切入点，从三大层面对此进行探讨。首先从人物形象设置这一层面分析人物性格和姓名的设置，重点分析作品中对三四郎产生巨大影响的广田先生，探讨在广田身上存在双重性别的可能性。其次，从“言说”的层面解析《三四郎》中不同性别的人所使用的语言，讨论在这部作品中语言是否能够成为区分男性与女性的标准。第三，，从“书写”的层面进一步深入探讨《三四郎》中所隐藏的“女性的声音”。文章具体包括绪论及正文两大部分。绪论部分先对《三四郎》作品本身进行简单介绍，重点解析夏目漱石在《三四郎》刊载之前所发表的预告部分，就先行研究当中存在的盲点进行分析。提出笔者的观点。正文部分分为四个部分进行论述: 第一章从广田的名字所代表的意义入手，结合《三四郎》与《诸神复活》相互关联的部分，讨论《三四郎》中广田与《诸神复活》中列奥纳多·达·芬奇之间的相似性，进而分析在广田身上存在双重性别的可能性。第二章讨论男性语言与女性语言，对美祢子语言方面的先行研究进行分析，指出现行研究中对美祢子语言判断矛盾的方面；同时对比三四郎的语言形式与内容，联系明治初期的言文一致运动，认为在作品《三四郎》中，语言不能够成为区分男性与女性的标准。第三章以讨论女性“书写”为主题，探讨《三四郎》与《源氏物语·椎本卷》之间的互文性关系以及作者故意强调这种互文关系的用意。最终得出《三四郎》是夏目漱石在明治初期背景下思索“存在于男性身上的女性与存在于女性身上的男性的实验之作”这样的结论。第四章深入分析夏目漱石超越性男女观念形成的原因，联系作品中出现的具有代表性的森有礼的葬礼一事，指出夏目漱石的男女观念与其反对国家主义的思想有着相互影响的关联。第二部分分析夏目漱石这种超越性的男女观念对于解读近现代其他作品有重要的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:As of last century 60s feminist criticism into Japanese literature researchers perspective, Natsume Soseki studies from this perspective have also emerged. Among them, the < three or four > Lang by using only three or four Lang viewpoint characters, female voice has been denied, so the criticism of feminist literary critics. But the author thinks, station in the feminist literary interpretation of < three or four > position Lang this work can not only seize the "female voice is denied." this point is actually through three or four Lang > > and < < the resurrection of the gods, multi-level text intertextuality and formed a series of Metaphors between the tale of Genji > and other classic works, the author has get rid of the shackles of the concept of gender in the Edo era in gender, new men and women has become the starting point against nationalism.
In this paper, < three or four > Lang before publication notice as the starting point, discusses from three aspects. Firstly, from the characters to set the level of analysis and the name of the character set, focuses on the analysis of the works have great influence on the three or four man Mr. Hiroda, to explore the possibility of the existence of both sexes in the body of the Tian Guang. Secondly, use "from the people of different sex discourse level analysis of < three or four > Lang language, discussed in this work is able to become the language distinguish male and female. Third, from the" writing "level to further study the hidden < three or four Lang >" in the female voice. ".
This article includes the introduction and body of two parts. The first part makes a brief introduction to < three or four > Lang works, trailer part focuses on Natsume Soseki published in < three or four > before Lang published, there to study the blind spot is analyzed. The author's point of view.
The main body of the text is divided into four parts.
The first chapter starts from the meaning of the name Hirota, combined with < three or four > > and < Lang gods resurrection interrelated parts, discuss with three or four < < gods > Hirota Lang raised the similarity between > Leonardo Da Finch, and then analyzes the dual gender in the body of the Hirota.
The second chapter discusses the male and female language, to advance research Mineko language analysis, pointed out the contradictory aspects of judging Mineko language in the current study; at the same time, language form and content comparison of three or four Lang, Genbunitchi movement in the early Meiji era, as in the works of < three or four > Lang. Language can't be distinguish between men and women.
The third chapter to discuss the "female writing" as the theme of < three or four Lang "and" the tale of Genji and the relationship between the volume of vertebral intertextuality and the author deliberately emphasized the "intertextual relationship intention. Finally < three or four > Lang is Natsume Soseki in the early Meiji thoughts under the background of" exist in men and women are in women's male experiments as "this conclusion.
The fourth chapter deeply analyses the reasons of the formation of Natsume Soseki beyond the concept of sex, the representative works of contact Mori arinori's funeral, pointed out that the association has a mutual influence of Natsume Soseki's men and women and to oppose nationalism thought. The second part analyses Natsume Soseki the transcendence of men and women have important significance for the modern interpretation of other works.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I313

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