从目的论看鲁迅儿童文学翻译

发布时间：2018-03-15 05:25

本文选题：目的论　切入点：鲁迅　出处：《湖南师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：鲁迅作为中国翻译史上伟大的理论家和实践者,翻译史上最无畏的先行者,对他的翻译研究具有十分深远的意义。儿童文学翻译在鲁迅的翻译作品中占有较大比重。鲁迅翻译儿童文学的目的,其一是他一贯忧国忧民的心态,不仅想要改变成人的国民性,而且对儿童的教育也寄予厚望。他希望有启蒙性创造性的文学作品给儿童阅读。其二是鉴于国内儿童文学作品的现状,没有合适的作品,所以只有翻译外国的作品,借此抛砖引玉。在翻译作品的选择上,鲁迅没有随当时儿童文学翻译的主流—翻译欧美强国名作家的作品,而选择了弱国文学,而且是曾经强大而后衰落的国家文学,用强国的衰落来启发人民,以此激励本国人民自强自立。正是由于鲁迅翻译作品选择的强目的性,后人把他的翻译作品誉为“成人的童话”。在翻译策略上,鲁迅舍弃了初涉译坛的归化译法,选择了当时众人排斥的直译。虽然直译是鲁迅一贯坚持的策略,但是在面对具体情况的时候,鲁迅有点身不由已。尤其是儿童文学,在作品对比研究中,作者发现鲁迅运用了直译意译相结合的方法,为的是让儿童更好的理解。在语言运用方面,白话文翻译已是当时的趋势,鲁迅也是极力推广,身体力行。但是在翻译中,我们还是看到了文言文的影子,文言用词,文言句式。鲁迅虽受时代所限,但是功不可没。本文理论选择的是功能主义目的论。任何翻译都有其目的性,鲁迅尤甚之。从儿童文学翻译观,到文本选择再到翻译策略翻译方法,无不体现其良苦用心。目的论包括三个原则：目的原则,连贯原则,忠实原则。鲁迅文本选择体现的是其目的原则,在实际翻译中,他既有意译,为实现语内连贯,又有直译,为实现语际连贯,也就是忠实原则。本文正文分三章。第一章概述目的论,从其三个原则阐述目的论的基本思想。第二章主要谈鲁迅翻译观。从其总体翻译观的变化,到儿童文学翻译观。第三章从鲁迅的具体选材到翻译策略再到具体的翻译方法,具体分析其儿童文学翻译。最后得出结论,鲁迅的整个儿童文学翻译过程,目的论都贯穿始终,为此他灵活运用了直译意译二者结合的策略,又保持了对原文的忠实。这对现在仍具有重要借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Lu Xun, as a great theorist and practitioner in the history of Chinese translation, and the most fearless forerunner in the history of translation, is of great significance to his translation studies. The translation of children's literature occupies a large proportion in Lu Xun's translation works. One of the purposes of the translation of children's literature by Lu Xun is that he has always been worried about the country and the people, and not only wants to change the national character of adults. In addition, he has high hopes for children's education. He hopes to have enlightening and creative literary works for children to read. Second, in view of the current situation of children's literary works in China and the absence of suitable works, he only has to translate works from foreign countries. In the choice of translation works, Lu Xun did not follow the mainstream translation of children's literature at that time-translation of the works of famous writers in Europe and the United States, but chose the literature of weak countries, which was once strong and then declined. It is precisely because of the strong purpose of Lu Xun's choice of translation works that his translation works are called "adult fairy tales". In terms of translation strategy, Lu Xun abandoned the naturalized translation method of the new translation circle and chose the literal translation that was rejected by many people at that time. Although literal translation is always a strategy that Lu Xun has always insisted on, but in the face of specific circumstances, Lu Xun has a bit of a problem. Especially in children's literature, in the comparative study of his works, the author finds that Lu Xun uses the method of combining literal translation and free translation in order to make the children better understand. In the aspect of language use, The translation of vernacular Chinese has been the trend of that time, and Lu Xun has tried his best to promote and practice it. But in translation, we still see the shadow of classical Chinese, the words of classical Chinese, the sentence pattern of classical Chinese. Lu Xun is limited by the times, but his contribution can't be ignored. This thesis chooses functionalist Skopos Theory. Any translation, especially Lu Xun, has its own purpose. From the translation view of children's literature to the choice of text to the translation strategy translation method, Skopos theory includes three principles: Skopos principle, coherence principle and faithfulness principle. Lu Xun's text choice embodies his Skopos principle. In practical translation, he not only has free translation, but also has literal translation in order to achieve intra-lingual coherence. In order to achieve interlingual coherence, that is, the principle of faithfulness. The text is divided into three chapters. Chapter one summarizes Skopos theory and expounds the basic ideas of Skopos theory from its three principles. The second chapter mainly discusses Lu Xun's translation view and the change of his overall translation view. From Lu Xun's specific material selection to translation strategies to specific translation methods, the third chapter analyzes the translation of children's literature in detail. Finally, the author draws a conclusion that the Skopos theory runs through the whole process of the children's literature translation of Lu Xun. For this reason, he uses the strategy of combining literal translation and free translation flexibly, and maintains his faithfulness to the original text, which is still of great significance for reference.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：H059;I046

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