英语格律诗汉译方法回顾与思考

发布时间：2018-03-20 21:22

本文选题：英语　切入点：律诗　出处：《解放军外国语学院》2001年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 本篇论文的写作目的，是要对历史上曾出现的一些重要而有代表性的英语格律诗汉译方法加以研究，对这些译法的得失成败进行思考，并在思考的基础上，对如何选择恰当的译法提出笔者的个人意见。在国内以往的翻译研究中，这种对译诗方法进行系统探讨的努力并不多见，大多数谈及英诗汉译的文章或著作，不是译者在谈自己的翻译体会，就是批评者在对译作进行印象式的批评。为此，本篇论文试图从一个比较客观而系统的角度，来研究英语格律诗的汉译方法。具体说来，本文主要讨论了四种译法，即：将英语格律诗译成中国古典诗体，译成散体，译成白话自由诗或半自由诗体，以及译成白话格律诗体。在结构上，本文共分七章：一、引言。本章指出了英诗汉译研究的现状，并对本文所使用的“方法”（method）一词进行了界定，即它并非指人们常说直译或意译等方法，而是以译诗的形式作为其分类标准的。二、英诗汉译历史回顾。写作本章的目的是要为本文提供必要的背景材料。为了叙说的方便，笔者将英诗汉译历史划分为四个时期，即：发生期、发展期、成熟期和繁荣期，并对各个时期的主要特点进行了说明。三、谈以中国古典诗体译英语格律诗。本章先列举了一些赞成和反对此译法的观点，然后，通过对译作的分析，我们发现，由于中国古典诗体对于形式的严格要求，会导致译者在译诗时产生诸如增删原作内容，损害原作感情，语言古奥等问题，从而说明此译法存在着先天的弊端。四、谈以散体译英语格律诗。事实上，绝大多数译诗家并不对此译法持赞同态度，因为它忽视了诗之所以为诗的最基本的形式美，而对于格律诗而言，这种形式美更为突出。然而，为什么国内出现的为数不多的散体译诗，如朱生豪之译莎士比亚，方重之译乔斐，历来都受到人们的称赞？本章对此作出了解释。五、谈以白话自由诗或半自由诗体译英语格律诗。所谓白话自由诗或半自由诗，我们将之同格律诗体区别的主要标准，是看其有否规则的节奏。同时，与自由诗相比，半自由诗允许一定的押韵。支持这种译法的诗歌译者强调应当以诗译诗、此外，在诗歌翻译形似与神似的标准中、他们强调的是后者而非前者。但是，在一味追求神似的过程里，他们往往会忽视翻译的本质是一种再创造，而非创造。因此，他们也很难在自己的译作中保持一种“影子式存在”khadOWy existence）。再者，就诗歌文化的交流而言，这种方法也具有很大的误导性。六、谈以白话格律诗体译英语格律诗。同是赞成以白话格律诗体译英语格律诗，这一群译者又分为两派—一我们姑且称之为宽容派（th Lenient School）川与严谨派（th Strict School）。宽容派并不强调译诗的格律与原诗完全一致，因为在他们看来，，同一种内容可以有不同的格律形式去表现。然而，对于有些英语格律诗来说，它们的骸力同它们独特的格律体戚相关，放弃了后者就必然会影响前者。另一方面，严谨派则要求译诗要在韵律上“亦步亦趋”地追循原诗。他们相信诗歌翻译的理想目标是“全面的信”，也坚持朝这个方向努力。当然，鉴于英汉语之问的巨大差异，有时这种要求很难达到，因此他们提出了“宽严有度”的原则，即在不得已且不损害原诗整体审美效果的前提下，允许一定程度的变通。这一点其实也符合翻译中的辩证观。七、结论。在分析完各种译法，并参考诗歌翻译功能与标准的基础上。笔者在此章提出了自己对如何选择恰当的英语格律诗汉译方法的几点看法，即：以诗译诗，倾向异化而非归化，以及神似要与形似并重、综合这几点，我们得出结论，在本章所谈的这几种译法中，用白话格律诗体严格模仿英语格律诗韵律约方法。是一种比较恰当的选择。当然，文章最后我们也提出要用辩证的眼光来看待问题，这也是每个翻译工作者所应有的科学的态度。诗歌翻译是国际间诗歌文化交流与汇合的主要手段，而支语格律诗的汉译在我国诗歌翻译工作中又占有很大比重，因此，选择一种更好的翻译方法，生产出优秀的诗歌译作，其意义也就不言自明。而由于本论文对几种主要的英语格律诗汉译方法进行了较为全面的探讨，对于正在从事或者有志于从事诗歌翻译的译者，它亦将具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to be important to some of the important things that have appeared in history.
To study the method of Chinese translation of English metrical poems representative of the translation of the gain and loss.
On the basis of thinking, the author puts forward the author on how to choose appropriate translation method
Personal opinion.
In the previous translation studies in China, to explore the translation methods of this system.
Efforts are rare, most talked about the article or book of poetry translation, the translator is not in
To speak of his own translation experience is the critic's impressionistic criticism of the translation.
This paper tries to study English lattices from an objective and systematic perspective.
Chinese translation of poems. Specifically, this paper mainly discusses the four translation methods, namely:
English metrical poetry translated into Chinese classical poetry, translated into bulk, translated into vernacular free poetry or half
Free verse and translated into vernacular metrical verse.
In structure, this article is divided into seven chapters.
First, introduction.
This chapter points out the status quo of the research, and this article uses the party "
The word "method" is defined, that is, it does not mean people often say literal translation or
Free translation method, but in poetic form as the classification criteria.
Two, the historical review.
The purpose of this chapter is to provide the necessary background materials for this article.
The narrative convenience, the poetry translation history is divided into four periods, namely:
The period, the period of development, the maturity and the period of prosperity, and the main characteristics of each period.
The explanation.
Three, the translation of English Metrical Poetry by Chinese classical poetry.
This chapter first enumerates some views in favour of and against the translation method, and then,
After the analysis of the translation, we find that the classical Chinese poetry is strict with the form.
The requirement will lead the translator to produce content such as additions and deletions to the original in poetry translation, the original damage
As feelings, language of profundity and other issues, so that the translation of inherent drawbacks.
Four, on the translation of English Metrical Poetry in bulk.
In fact, most of the translation and translation company does not agree, because
It ignores the basic form beauty of the poem as a poem, and for the metrical poetry,
The beauty of this form is more prominent.
The free translation, such as Zhu Shenghao Shakespeare, the party re translation of Joe Fei, always
The part of this chapter has been explained.
Five, the translation of English Metrical Poetry by vernacular free verse or half free verse.
The so-called vernacular free verse or the half free verse, we distinguish it from the metrical verse.
The main criterion is to see whether it has a regular rhythm. At the same time, it is compared to the free verse.
A half free verse allows a certain rhyme.
In addition, in poetry, poetry translation in the form and spirit of the standard, they stressed
The latter is not the former. However, in the process of the pursuit of spirit, they go
The essence of neglecting translation is a re creation, not a creation. So, they also
It's hard to keep a "shadow existence" khadOWy in your translation.
Existence). Furthermore, this method is also available for the exchange of poetry culture.
It's very misleading.
Six, the translation of English Metrical Poetry by vernacular metrical verse.
The same is for the translation of English metrical poetry with vernacular metrical verse, which is a group of translators.
It is divided into two groups - one that we call th Lenient School
Sichuan
And send (th Strict School) strict tolerance. That is not poetry rhyme and pie
The original poem is exactly the same, because in their view, the same content can be different.
The law of forms. However, for some English metrical poems, their skeleton force
It is related to their unique laws of law, and the abandonment of the latter will inevitably affect the former.
On the other hand, rigorous school requirements to translation in the rhythm footsteps to follow
The original poem. They believe that the ideal goal of poetry translation is "comprehensive letter".
Work hard in this direction. Of course, in view of the great difference between the English and Chinese questions, sometimes this is the case.
It is difficult to meet the requirements, so they put forward the principle of "Leniency and degree", that is,
Under the premise that the overall aesthetic effect of the original poem can not be damaged or not, a certain degree is allowed.
This is in fact consistent with the dialectic in translation.
Seven, the conclusion.
After analyzing various translation methods and referring to the basis of the functions and standards of poetry translation
In this chapter, I put forward how to choose proper Chinese translation of English metrical poetry.
Several points of view, namely: the method of poetry, instead of domestication and foreignization tendency, God
It seems to be equal to the shape of the form, and to synthesize these points, we draw a conclusion, in this chapter
This several translation methods in vernacular metrical verse strict imitation of English metrical rhyme about square law
Law. It's a more appropriate choice. Of course, we also put forward to the end of the article.
A dialectic view of the problem, which is the science that every translator should have
Attitude.
Poetry translation is the main means of cultural exchange and confluence of international poetry.
Chinese translation of metrical poetry and occupies a large proportion in China's poetry translation work, because
In this case, a better translation method is chosen to produce an excellent translation of poetry.
Because of this paper, the Chinese translation of several major English metrical verses
The method has been discussed in a more comprehensive way and is engaged in or determined to engage in poetry.
The translator of the song translation will also have a certain reference value.

【学位授予单位】：解放军外国语学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2001
【分类号】：I046

【引证文献】