关于文学翻译中语用意义等效的研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 19:21

本文选题：等效翻译 + 合作原则　；参考：《山东师范大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：翻译活动至少要涉及两种语言文化传统，因而如何理解原语的语用涵义和文化特征，如何用最贴切的翻译策略使之成功地反映在译文中，这是任何成功的翻译者必须解决的根本问题。这些问题的范围、性质、难易度会因两种语言文化的差异而有所不同。在漫长的翻译史中，人们围绕这些问题在理论和实践两方面进行了不懈的研究，就翻译的性质、标准、内容、可译性等问题做出了界定，就如何做到成功翻译提出了各种理论，探讨了许多卓有成效的策略技巧。尽管翻译学是一门独立的学科，但它并不是孤立发展的，而是不断从其他学科尤其是语言学，吸取理论来充实壮大自己，因而几乎每一种语言学理论都会产生一种相应的翻译理论。本文即借鉴语用学理论中的涵义理论来探讨如何实现文学翻译的语用等效。翻译的等效问题是现代翻译研究中颇具争论性的一个议题，奈达、卡特福德等诸多翻译家和翻译理论家都对其提出过定义，但在其内涵及实现程度上却各有异同，争论不休。本文认为“等效”绝不是数学意义上的简单“等值”或“等同”，而是一个涉及到语言文化等各个层面的涵义丰富的概念，翻译者所追求的也不是绝对的等值，而是最大限度的使译文读者对译文的理解与原文读者对原文的理解尽可能一致，这种“一致”的效果只能是相对的而不是绝对的，，因而等效翻译只能是一种相对的概念而不是绝对的概念。本文简单回顾了中西方翻译理论特别是等效理论的发展，在对其对比分析之后，本文指出要使涵义宽泛的等效理论在翻译实践和翻译评价中更具操作性，必须找到一个切入点，而在文学翻译中，翻译者面临的最大障碍就是如何正确理解源语的隐含意义并在译文中恰如其分的表达出来。本文认为在文学翻译中运用格赖斯的合作原则可以最大限度保证原文作者与译语读者之间的“合作”，即让译语读者最大可能体会原文作者发出的信息，本原则中的含义理论正是如何理解会话含义即语用意义。本文对合作原则的内容、语用意义的获得及合作原则在文学翻译中的可行性进行了讨论，并对以往的翻译标准、翻译原则作了分析比较，最后提出了语用等效的翻译标准：利用含义理论等语用学原理，实现语用意义的等效。本文认为语用等效既是实现等效翻译的良好途径，也是衡量翻译优劣的切实可行的标准。本文正是以等效原则和含义理论作为理论基础，从如何获得原文的语用意义、如何理解原文的语用意义及如何在译文中体现原文的语用意义三个方面对实现文学翻译中语用意义的等效进行了较为细致的探讨，并对语用意义的等效原则分析论证，通过诸多例子论述了这一原则对翻译实践和译文评价的指导作用。本文只对语用等效原则进行了初步探讨，仍有许多问题值得进一步讨论，比如接受者这一概念，等效论要求译者充分考虑接受者的效果，那么译者有没有必要去考虑每一个具体的接受者?再如如何划定“效果”和“译文对接受者的作用”及“接受者对译文的反映”三者的界限?如何深入的理论论证语用意义的等效是翻译等效的基础?因此，随着人们对翻译理论的深入研究，会对这一原则提出许多异议，但正是这些异议的提出和解决才使得它不断完善。关键词:等效翻译;合作原则;语用意义;语用等效原则分类号:HO59 Vll
[Abstract]:The translation activities should involve at least two linguistic and cultural traditions , so how to understand the pragmatic meaning and cultural characteristics of the primitive , and how to use the most appropriate translation strategies to reflect the fundamental problems that translators must solve . In the long translation history , there are various theories on how to achieve successful translation .

The equivalence of translation is one of the most controversial issues in modern translation studies , and many translators and theorists of translation theorists , such as Nida and Kateford , have put forward their definitions , but there are differences and arguments in their content and realization , but rather than absolute equivalence in the meaning and realization of translation , the effect of translation is only relative rather than absolute , so the equivalent translation can only be a relative concept rather than an absolute concept .

This paper briefly reviews the development of Chinese and Western translation theories , especially the equivalence theory , and points out that it is necessary to find a breakthrough point in the translation practice and translation evaluation .

This paper is based on the theory of equivalence principle and meaning , how to obtain the pragmatic meaning of the original text , such as

How to understand the pragmatic meaning of the original text and how to embody the pragmatic meaning of the original text in the translation

The equivalence of pragmatic meaning in translation is discussed in detail , and the equivalence principle of pragmatic meaning is analyzed and demonstrated .

This paper discusses the guiding role of this principle in translation practice and translation evaluation .

In this paper , only the pragmatic equivalence principle is discussed , and there are still many problems to be discussed further , for example

The concept of acceptor , the equivalent theory requires the translator to take full account of the effect of the recipient , then does the translator need to consider

Each specific recipient ? Re - define the effect of " effect " and " translation - to - recipient " and " recipient " The equivalence of the meaning of pragmatic meaning is the basis of translation equivalence .

Therefore , with the further study of the theory of translation , there are many objections to this principle , but it is this

The raising and resolution of some objections made it perfect .

Keywords : equivalent translation ; principle of cooperation ; pragmatic meaning ; pragmatic equivalence principle

Cat . No . : HO59

Vll

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：I046

【参考文献】