中西文艺理论差异溯源

发布时间：2018-05-13 21:14

本文选题：中西 + 文艺理论　；参考：《新疆大学》2001年硕士论文

【摘要】： 比较文学研究作为一种学术思潮和研究方法，在中国学术界已经越来越受到各方面的关注。本文亦运用了这一方法，对中西传统文艺理论的差异进行探讨，并重点对这种差异产生的原因进行追本溯源。从直观的表面来看，中西传统文艺理论的差异首先表现在文学体裁的差异上。中国文学在“意境”说（重表现）的文学理论的影响下，自古抒情性文学体裁就十分发达；与之相反，西方文学在“典型”论（重再现）的文学理论的影响下，则是叙事性文学体裁较为发达。究其原因，从大的方面来讲，是中西文化精神的差异造成的；而从具体方面来说，则是中西方语言和思维方式的差异直接造成的，它首先主要表现在双方的语言观（言意观）上。也就是说，导致中西文艺理论巨大差异产生的主要原因乃是中西语言观（言意观）的不同，也即言意观的不同。西方文化理性思维的方式决定了西方人对（语言）工具的重视，并由此产生了语言崇拜的倾向，从而形成了统治西方几千年的“逻各斯中心主义”，表现在语言观上即“言能尽意” 观。中国文化感性思维的方式决定了中国人轻（语言）工具的态度，在对语言的长期怀疑和轻视下，形成了“言不尽意” 的语言观。中西语言观的差异同中西语言文字和思维方式的不同有着密切的关系。脱离符号的赤裸裸的思维是不存在的，并且符号特别是语言符号是思维的直接现实，因此语言的差异会塑造出不同的思维品格。表音体系的西方拼音文字必须通过语言符号（能指与所指二要素的结合），到词的表面才表达意义；而表意体系的汉字则直接反映了人们对指称对象形式的观念，本身（不一定通过声音形象）就能表达意义，就含有文化内涵，就具有一种出“字形” 直接到“词义”的可视性特点。中西语言文字在字形和语法上的种种差异直接导致了中西在思维方式上差异的产生。即运用汉字进行思维的中华民族的思维方式及特点是擅长感性思维，这种思维方式对事物的把握是直观的、经验的、悟性的，重在整体的表现；而运用拼音文字进行思维的西方民族的思维方式及特点是擅长理性思维，这种思维方式对事物的把握则是科学的、逻辑的、知性的，重在细部的再现。最后，，本文指出中西传统文艺理论之所以存在巨大的差异，其根本原因是由中西方语言文字和思维方式的不同造成的。同时，本文还指出中国文学理论的发展只有沟通中外，广采博取，融会古今，才能获得强大的生命力。
[Abstract]:As a kind of academic trend and research method , comparative literature research has become more and more important in Chinese academic circles

This paper also applies this method to the differences between traditional Chinese and western literary theories .

The purpose of this paper is to explore the causes of such differences and to trace the causes of this difference .

From the visual surface , the difference of traditional Chinese and western literary theories is first manifested in the difference of literary genre .

On the other hand , under the influence of the literary theory of " artistic conception " , Chinese literature expresses its own ancient lyric

The literary genre is very developed ;
On the contrary , Western literature in " typical " theory ( reproduction ) literature

Under the influence of theory , it is a more developed narrative literature genre .

It is caused by the difference between Chinese and Western culture spirit ;
On the other hand , it is the middle - western language and thought

The difference of the way is directly caused by the difference between the two sides , which is mainly expressed in the language view of both parties ( the concept of the word meaning ) .

That is , the main reason leading to the great difference of the Chinese and western literary theories is the Chinese and western language view ( meaning )

The difference of the concept of words and meaning is different .

The way of rational thinking of western culture determines the importance attached to ( language ) tools by western people , and thus ,

The tendency of language worship was created , thus forming a " patrol center doctrine " that ruled the West for thousands of years ,

In the view of language , that is , " the meaning of words " determines the Chinese people in the way of cultural perceptual thinking .

The attitude of the light ( language ) tool , in the long - term doubt and contempt of the language , formed the words " unsatisfactory "

The differences of Chinese and western language views are closely related to the differences between Chinese and western languages and modes of thinking

Relationships .

The bare mind of a detached symbol is not present , and the sign , especially the language symbol , is thought

The direct reality of the language , so the differences in the language can figure out different thinking styles . The western spelling of the phonetic system

A phonetic letter must be expressed by a language symbol ( which can refer to a combination with the two elements ) , to the surface of the word .

righteousness ;
The Chinese characters of the ideographic system directly reflect the people ' s conception of the form of the alleged object itself ( not

It ' s meaningful to express meaning through sound image . It has the meaning of culture , and it has a kind of " font "

The visual characteristics of the word meaning directly . The differences between Chinese and Western languages are straight in shape and grammar .

This leads to the difference in thinking mode between Chinese and western countries , that is , the Chinese nation that uses Chinese characters to think

The way of thinking and characteristic is good at perceptual thinking . This way of thinking is intuitive to the grasp of things .

The performance of the whole ;
The Thought of the Western Nationality Using the Phonetic Alphabetic Character ;

The way and characteristic are good at rational thinking , and the way of thinking is scientific and logical to the grasp of things .

Of or relating to the reproduction of a detail .

In the end , this paper points out that there is a great difference between traditional Chinese and western literary theories .

This paper also points out that Chinese literature is different from that of Chinese and Western languages and modes of thinking .

The development of theory can only gain strong vitality if communication between China and foreign countries is widely accepted .

【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2001
【分类号】：I0-03

【引证文献】