从中国传统哲学的角度比较陶渊明与梭罗

发布时间：2018-05-15 19:15

本文选题：道学 + 儒学　；参考：《天津师范大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：这篇论文试图从中国传统哲学,即道学和儒学,的角度来比较美国作家梭罗与中国诗人陶渊明。这两位作家虽然来自于不同的国家,处于不同的时代和文化背景下,但他们的生活方式和思想都同时具有道学和儒学的特点。这些特点也反映在他们各自的文学作品当中。道学和儒学是中国历史上最具影响力的两个哲学流派。道学的主要观点包括:“道”和“德”的概念;“无为”;万物平等;动静结合;“弃智”;“小国寡民”等。儒学所提倡的主要是:“仁”;“克己复礼”;尊重现有规则和法律制度;提高自身修养和精神境界;积极参与社会生活;个人的行为要符合其所处的社会地位等。这两种哲学同时存在于梭罗和陶渊明的作品当中。他们共有的道学特征包括:热爱自然;崇尚简朴的生活;向往自由;“无为”的政治主张。然而道学并不是这两位作家所共有的唯一的中国哲学思想。儒家思想在他们的作品当中也很明显。他们积极向上的人生态度和对国家政治生活的积极参与正是儒家所提倡的。论文从道学和儒学的角度来比较梭罗与陶渊明的共同点。以上是对论文基本思想的和主要内容的概括。
[Abstract]:This paper attempts to compare American writer Thoreau with Chinese poet Tao Yuanming from the point of view of traditional Chinese philosophy, that is, Taoism and Confucianism. Although these two writers come from different countries, in different times and cultural backgrounds, their ways of life and thoughts have the characteristics of Taoism and Confucianism at the same time. These characteristics are also reflected in their respective literary works. Taoism and Confucianism are the two most influential schools of philosophy in Chinese history. The main viewpoints of Taoism include: the concept of "Tao" and "virtue"; "inaction"; equality of all things; combination of static and dynamic; "abandoning wisdom"; "small country and outnumbering people" and so on. The main ideas advocated by Confucianism are: benevolence; retribution to others; respect for existing rules and legal system; improvement of self-cultivation and spiritual state; active participation in social life; and individual behavior in accordance with their social status. These two philosophies exist in the works of Thoreau and Tao Yuanming. Their common characteristics of Taoism include: love of nature; respect for simple life; yearning for freedom; and political views of inaction. However, Taoism is not the only Chinese philosophical thought shared by these two writers. Confucianism is also evident in their works. Their positive attitude and active participation in national political life are advocated by Confucianism. This paper compares the similarities between Thoreau and Tao Yuanming from the point of view of Taoism and Confucianism. The above is the summary of the basic ideas and main contents of the thesis.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：I0-03

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