《红楼梦》比喻辞格翻译对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 01:01

本文选题：红楼梦 + 比喻　；参考：《中北大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：比喻(明喻和暗喻)在汉英两种语言中使用频率都比较高,文学作品中尤其如此。它是文学写作中最常见的一种修辞格。《红楼梦》是一座万紫千红的汉语言艺术的“大观园”,其中的比喻修辞确实为之添珠增玉。因此,在译文中成功地再现原著的比喻艺术对译入语的质量来说至关重要。传统修辞学认为,比喻是一种修辞手段;现代隐喻学认为,作为比喻之一的隐喻不仅是一种修辞方式,更是人们的一种思维方式和认知手段。对比喻的理解和认知的深入在文学作品翻译中得到更好的体现。论文从比喻喻体的角度着手,详细探讨了《红楼梦》英译本中比喻的翻译方法。本论文选取中国知名学者杨宪益夫妇合译的《红楼梦》以及英国汉学家戴维·霍克斯(David Hawkes)及其女婿约翰·闵福德(John Minford)合译的《石头记》为研究对象,较为系统地分析、总结了《红楼梦》中比喻的翻译。以这两个译本中的译例来讨论比喻的翻译方法具有重要意义,这对翻译策略的研究和翻译实践都具有很高的价值。论文运用对比的方法对中国古典小说《红楼梦》的比喻翻译进行了研究。在修辞学范畴内,本研究主要探讨了隐喻和明喻的翻译。从“喻体”角度着手,以对等论、目的论为理论基础,作者把《红楼梦》中的比喻译例分为三种类型,并分析了其在杨译本和霍译本中的翻译方法。对译例中存在的比喻的可译和不可译现象进行了讨论。比较研究表明,尽管有时翻译方法存在相同,两种译本译者在多数情况下采用不同的翻译方法:当源语文本的比喻在目标语中有对应表达时,译本译者采用直译法(有时加解释语),在目标语文本中重塑源语喻体形象。这时的等值翻译得以实现。当源语文本的比喻在目标语文本中没有对应语,但通过目标语中的另一比喻语,原比喻喻体形象可以保留时,译者采用意译法,用目标语的比喻语取代原比喻语。这种情况实现了翻译的动态对等。当源语比喻在目标语中完全空缺时,译者采取各自的翻译手段。通常,杨宪益先生省去喻体,在目标语文本中传达隐含喻意。而霍克斯大都使用直译,直译加注或喻体替代等方法将原文比喻译成比喻。在这种情况下的不同译法是由于他们的翻译目的不同。杨宪益先生翻译《红楼梦》是为了将中国独特的文化传递给西方世界而霍克斯的翻译目的是带给西方读者最大的阅读快乐。因此,杨宪益先生通过传达源语喻体的隐含意义向西方介绍中国文化,从而放弃了源语中存在而目标语中空白的那一喻体形象。两种译本的不同点在于,霍克斯先生为了使译本对西方读者而言变得通俗易懂,将采用各种翻译手段(伴有解释性表达)把源语中的一切译成目标语。
[Abstract]:Metaphors (metaphors and metaphors) are frequently used in both Chinese and English, especially in literature. It is the most common figure of speech in literary writing. Therefore, the successful reproduction of the original figurative art is crucial to the quality of the target language. The traditional rhetoric holds that metaphor is a rhetorical device, while the modern metaphor holds that metaphor as one of the metaphors is not only a rhetorical means, but also a way of thinking and cognition. The understanding and cognition of metaphor are better reflected in the translation of literary works. From the perspective of metaphorical metaphor, this paper discusses in detail the translation methods of metaphor in the English translation of A Dream of Red Mansions. In this thesis, the author chooses "A Dream of Red Mansions" co-translated by the famous Chinese scholar Yang Xianyi and his husband, David Hawkes, and his son-in-law, John Minford, as the subjects of study, and makes a more systematic analysis of the book "Stone", which is translated by the British sinologist David Hawkes and his son-in-law John Minford. This paper summarizes the translation of metaphors in A Dream of Red Mansions. It is of great significance to use the examples of these two versions to discuss the translation methods of metaphors, which is of great value to the study of translation strategies and translation practice. This paper studies the metaphorical translation of Chinese classical novel A Dream of Red Mansions by means of comparison. In the context of rhetoric, this study focuses on the translation of metaphors and metaphors. Based on the theory of equivalence and Skopos, the author classifies the figurative examples of A Dream of Red Mansions into three types and analyzes their translation methods in Yang and Huo versions. The translatability and untranslatability of metaphors in translation examples are discussed. The comparative study shows that, although sometimes the translation methods are the same, the translators of the two versions adopt different translation methods in most cases: when the metaphor of the source language has corresponding expressions in the target language. The translator reconstructs the image of the source language in the target text by literal translation (sometimes with explanatory language). The equivalent translation is realized. When there is no corresponding language in the target text of the source language, but through another metaphor in the target language, the image of the original metaphor can be retained, the translator adopts the method of free translation to replace the original metaphor with the metaphor of the target language. This situation realizes the dynamic equivalence of translation. When the source metaphor is completely vacant in the target language, the translator adopts his own translation methods. Usually, Mr Yang Xianyi omits the metaphor and conveys implicit metaphors in the target text. Hawks mostly use literal translation, literal annotation or metaphor substitution to translate the original metaphor into metaphors. In this case, the different translation methods are due to their different translation purposes. "A Dream of Red Mansions" is translated by Mr. Yang Xianyi to convey Chinese unique culture to the Western world, while Hawkes' translation aims to bring the greatest reading pleasure to western readers. Therefore, Mr Yang Xianyi introduces the Chinese culture to the West by conveying the implied meaning of the source language, thus abandoning the image of the vehicle which exists in the source language but is blank in the target language. The difference between the two versions is that in order to make them easy for Western readers, Mr. Hawks will use various translation methods (with explanatory expressions) to translate everything in the source language into the target language.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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