中国当代文艺理论中的人性、人道主义问题

发布时间：2018-06-09 07:09

本文选题：中国当代文艺理论 + 人性　；参考：《艺术百家》2010年01期

【摘要】：新中国成立以来,中国文论界就人性、人道主义及其与文艺的关系问题,展开了广泛而热烈的讨论。这些讨论主要分为两个时期:在20世纪50、60年代,主流文论界基本上通过批判的方式以阶级性替代、否定了人性,也否定了文艺表现人性的必要性、重要性,其结论和批判的方式都严重地影响了学术的健康发展;20世纪70、80年代,由于学术环境的改变,随着文艺、文论的拨乱反正,文论界、美学界、哲学界逐渐正视这个问题,就人性、人道主义的含义,人道主义与马克思主义的关系,人性、人道主义与文艺的关系等问题展开了比较自由的讨论,但是,就基本观点而言,学界仍然存在着一定相当大的差别、分歧,甚至严重的对立。尽管如此,大多数学者仍然肯定了人性、人道主义,马克思主义与它们的联系,以及文艺表现人性、人情的重要性。这两次讨论主要针对人性与人的阶级性、社会性的关系,力图把文艺从"极左"政治的束缚中解脱出来,也澄清了不少理论问题、促进了文艺创作与批评,具有理论价值和实践意义。目前,经济、金钱已经对人的存在与人的全面发展产生了不良的影响,探讨人性、人道主义及其与文艺的关系,有助于促进新形势下文艺的健康发展。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of New China, there have been extensive and heated discussions in the field of Chinese literary theory on human nature, humanitarianism and their relationship with literature and art. These discussions are mainly divided into two periods: in the 1950s and 1960s, the mainstream literary circles basically replaced by class nature by critical means, denied human nature, but also denied the necessity and importance of literary and artistic expression of human nature. Both the conclusion and the way of criticism have seriously affected the healthy development of the academic world. Due to the change of the academic environment, with the change of literature and art and literary theory, the literary theory circles, the aesthetic circles, and the philosophy circles have gradually faced this problem squarely, on the human nature. The meaning of humanitarianism, the relationship between humanitarianism and Marxism, humanity, humanitarianism and literature and art are discussed more freely. Disagreement, even serious opposition. Nevertheless, most scholars still affirm the importance of humanity, humanitarianism, Marxism and their relationship, as well as the expression of humanity and human feelings in literature and art. These two discussions focused mainly on the relationship between human nature and the class nature and sociality of human beings, trying to extricate literature and art from the shackles of "extreme left" politics, and also clarified many theoretical issues and promoted literary creation and criticism. It has theoretical value and practical significance. At present, economy and money have had a bad effect on the existence and all-round development of human beings. To probe into the relationship between humanity, humanitarianism and literature and art is helpful to promote the healthy development of literature and art in the new situation.
【作者单位】：中国艺术研究院马克思主义文艺理论研究所;
【基金】：中国社会科学院学部课题“中国当代文艺学学术史”阶段性成果之一
【分类号】：I0

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