诗歌与巫语

发布时间：2018-06-11 22:30

本文选题：诗歌 + 巫语　；参考：《山东师范大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：巫术文化曾广泛影响了世界各民族的政治、宗教、文学及其他各类艺术。诗歌和巫术语言都富有无穷的魔力。本文通过对二者关系的深入探讨,可以更好地见出原始巫术思维与艺术思维的相通与相异。由诗歌和巫术语言的相异凸现诗歌语言的审美特性;由二者的相通见出人类共同的心理需求。同时通过对二者语言样式的比较可以打开我们的视野,提供对当代诗歌研究的新思路。引论。自19 世纪中期开始有关巫术研究的理论和学说就层出不穷,而巫术仪式话语通常作为原始宗教和文化研究的一部分也受到人们的关注。国内外学者对诗与巫术关系的研究大多从发生学的角度入手,着重从语言层面探讨二者关系的论述并不多见,而由此透析语言与思维、语言与生存的深刻关联在当代具有特殊的价值和意义。一、同源相通。原始巫术与原始诗歌同体共生。神秘性是巫术思维的本质特征;同一性是巫术思维的运作规则;具体性是巫术思维的表现形式。而巫术思维的神秘性、同一性、具体性特征与艺术思维的特性存在深刻的相通之处,这使得巫术语言具有音乐性、情感性、意象性等诗性表现特征。二、艰难的分化。随着科学的发展和人类个体意识的确立,巫术缓慢地走向了衰落。当然巫术自身的失败也改变着人们对巫术语言笃信痴迷的态度。这样原始一体性文化在发展中出现了分化,这为诗歌艺术脱离原始宗教走上独立成熟的道路提供了契机。三、相似中的差异。诗歌不再是巫术话语,这主要表现在:诗歌是向心性话语,巫术语言是外指向性话语,前者指向内在,后者指向外在;诗歌与巫语给人带来的情感体验是不同的,巫语则让人感到神秘的强制,而诗歌则带来生命的丰富体验和自由气息;对于人的治疗来讲,巫语突出的是其实用功能,而诗歌突出的是其审美功能,前者更为直接,具有类似行为性的“施动性”效果,后者则较为间接,是一种精神性升华。四、现代诗的巫歌情怀。现代诗歌表现出返祖复魅的倾向。这启发着我们重新去思考巫术与诗,乃至巫术与人类生存世界的关系。神秘是诗歌永远揭不去的面纱;诗人在当代更应该承担起通灵、预言的重任;巫术意识中的生命一体观有助于我们反思人与自然外界的关系。结语。艺术思维与巫术思维同中有异,异中有同,诗歌不可能再回复为巫术话语。自由幻想是人的天性,借助巫术观念及其思维方式来复生现代艺术并弥合人与世界对立的鸿沟,不失为一条现代人重返和谐生存状态的诗意通道。
[Abstract]:Witchcraft culture has influenced the politics, religion, literature and other kinds of arts of all nations in the world. Poetry and witchcraft language are full of endless magic. In this paper, we can find out the connection and difference between the original witchcraft thinking and the artistic thinking through the deep discussion of the relationship between the two. The aesthetic characteristics of poetic language are highlighted by the differences between poetry and witchcraft language, and the common psychological needs of human beings are seen from the connection of the two languages. At the same time, through the comparison of the two language styles, we can open our vision and provide a new way to study contemporary poetry. Since the middle of the 19th century, theories and doctrines on witchcraft have been emerging in endlessly, and the discourse of witchcraft ritual is usually regarded as a part of the study of primitive religion and culture. Scholars at home and abroad study the relationship between poetry and witchcraft mostly from the perspective of genomics, focusing on the discussion of the relationship between the two from the language level is rare, and thus analyze the language and thinking. The profound relationship between language and existence has special value and significance in contemporary times. Primitive witchcraft and primitive poetry coexist in the same body. Mystery is the essential feature of witchcraft thinking, identity is the operating rule of witchcraft thinking, and concreteness is the manifestation of witchcraft thinking. However, the mysticism, identity, specificity of witchcraft thinking have profound similarities with the characteristics of artistic thinking, which makes witchcraft language have poetic characteristics such as musicality, sensibility, imagery and so on. Second, difficult differentiation. With the development of science and the establishment of individual consciousness, witchcraft slowly declined. Of course, the failure of witchcraft itself has changed people's obsession with witchcraft language. In this way, the primitive unity culture has been divided in the development, which provides an opportunity for poetry art to break away from the primitive religion and walk on the road of independence and maturity. Third, the difference in similarity. Poetry is no longer the discourse of witchcraft, which is mainly manifested in: poetry is a discourse of tropism, the language of witchcraft is a discourse of external direction, the former points to the inner, the latter points to the external; the emotional experience of poetry and witchcraft is different from that brought by the language of witchcraft. Witchcraft makes people feel mysterious and forced, while poetry brings a rich experience of life and a breath of freedom. For the treatment of human beings, the witch language stands out for its practical function, while the poetry for its aesthetic function, the former is more direct. It has similar action effect, the latter is indirect, it is a spiritual sublimation. Modern poetry shows the tendency of atavism and reenchantment. This inspired us to rethink the relationship between witchcraft and poetry, and even between witchcraft and the world of human existence. Mystery is the veil that poetry can never reveal; poets should bear the burden of channeling and prophesying in contemporary times; the concept of life unity in witchcraft consciousness helps us to reflect on the relationship between man and nature. There are differences between artistic thinking and witchcraft thinking, so poetry can no longer be returned to witchcraft discourse. Free fantasy is the nature of human beings. It is a poetic channel for modern people to return to a harmonious state of existence by means of witchcraft and its mode of thinking to reinvigorate modern art and bridge the gap between man and the world.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：I052

【引证文献】